Exploration, identification, and in vitro antagonism test of Trichoderma spp. against Ganoderma spp. at PT Bumitama Gunajaya Agro palm oil plantation, Central Kalimantan

Abstract

Trichoderma spp. is one of the biocontrol agents that have important benefits for agriculture in Indonesia. Exploration is carried out at PT Bumitama Gunajaya Agro Oil Palm Plantations in high yield blocks. This study aims to identify and determine the isolates of Trichoderma spp. and to find out its in vitro antagonism against Ganoderma spp. Morphological identification of Trichoderma spp. carried out using a trinocular microscope. There were six isolates analyzed based on internal transcribed spacer sequences (ITS) in ribosomal DNA region using PCR technique with ITS 1 and ITS 4. The results of this research showed that Trichoderma spp. original from PT BGA Central Kalimantan has diverse characteristics. Sequencing analysis showed that six isolates were in one group with Trichoderma asperellum isolates T5 (Acc. No. MH809176), IIPR-80 (Acc. No. MK841018) and TV5 (Acc. No. MH393299). Based on the antagonism test, it was found that six isolates were able to inhibit the growth of Ganoderma spp. with an average percentage value is ≥50%.

Genetic Diversity of Trichoderma and Hypocrea lixii Iraqi Strains by Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Technique

“…The present investigation examined the genetic variability of isolates of Trichoderma using the RAPD primers OPA 04, 05, 07, 08, and OPA10. The differences between classification with RAPDP and sequences in detecting DNA polymorphism included the absence or presence of bands resulting from primers due to the ability of linkage or failure to anneal some nucleotide sequences [16]. A set of primers used in the RAPD procedure enabled us to identify each of the examined Trichoderma strains based on their unique banding profiles.…”

“…Gautam et al [15] pointed out more recently DNAbased methods in taxonomy, particularly rRNA sequences or rDNA, strain-specific fluorescent oligonucleotides, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Each of these methods has specific applications and advantages [16]. In light of the simplicity, specificity, and sensitivity associated with PCR-based assays, PCR-based methods have found widespread use for identifying pathogens, including Trichoderma species [17].…”