Abstract:In this work, a new strategy for the synthesis of self-healable/recyable polybenzoxazine networks under mild conditions, by exploiting dynamic B–O bond exchanges is presented. The process is based on mixing...
“…Again, the bond exchange mechanism determines whether the material is a vitrimer. Two vitrimers based on two types of poly(propylene/ethylene oxide) bisamine exhibit self-healing at 110 °C for 5 h and at 160 °C for 5 h, respectively, with effective [427] Figure 30. Synthesis and polymerization of OBZ-BDB.…”
Section: Vitrimerization Of Benzoxazinesmentioning
Polybenzoxazines are high-performance materials capable of replacing conventional thermosets such as phenolics, epoxies, and bismaleimides in composites manufacturing due to their excellent thermomechanical and chemical behavior. Their versatility and compatibility with biobased precursors make them an attractive option as composite matrices. Like other thermosets, polybenzoxazines are not recyclable and cannot be reprocessed. Incorporating dynamic bonds in benzoxazine monomers can produce vitrimeric polybenzoxazines, which can potentially overcome this limitation and can be tuned to exhibit smart functionalities such as self-healing and shape memory. Dynamic bond exchange mechanisms for vitrimer development such as transesterification, imine bond, disulfide exchange, transamination, transcarbamoylation, transalkylation, olefin metathesis, transcarbonation, siloxane-silanol exchange, boronic ester, silyl ether exchange, and dioxaborolane metathesis are potentially applicable to benzoxazine chemistry, with disulfide bond and transesterification having successfully vitrimerized benzoxazines with topological transitions at −8.5 and 88 °C, respectively. Benzoxazine vitrimers featuring glass transitions of 193, 224, and 222-236 °C are now known. These place polybenzoxazines at the forefront of the development of reprocessable and recyclable thermosetting polymers and composite matrices.
“…Again, the bond exchange mechanism determines whether the material is a vitrimer. Two vitrimers based on two types of poly(propylene/ethylene oxide) bisamine exhibit self-healing at 110 °C for 5 h and at 160 °C for 5 h, respectively, with effective [427] Figure 30. Synthesis and polymerization of OBZ-BDB.…”
Section: Vitrimerization Of Benzoxazinesmentioning
Polybenzoxazines are high-performance materials capable of replacing conventional thermosets such as phenolics, epoxies, and bismaleimides in composites manufacturing due to their excellent thermomechanical and chemical behavior. Their versatility and compatibility with biobased precursors make them an attractive option as composite matrices. Like other thermosets, polybenzoxazines are not recyclable and cannot be reprocessed. Incorporating dynamic bonds in benzoxazine monomers can produce vitrimeric polybenzoxazines, which can potentially overcome this limitation and can be tuned to exhibit smart functionalities such as self-healing and shape memory. Dynamic bond exchange mechanisms for vitrimer development such as transesterification, imine bond, disulfide exchange, transamination, transcarbamoylation, transalkylation, olefin metathesis, transcarbonation, siloxane-silanol exchange, boronic ester, silyl ether exchange, and dioxaborolane metathesis are potentially applicable to benzoxazine chemistry, with disulfide bond and transesterification having successfully vitrimerized benzoxazines with topological transitions at −8.5 and 88 °C, respectively. Benzoxazine vitrimers featuring glass transitions of 193, 224, and 222-236 °C are now known. These place polybenzoxazines at the forefront of the development of reprocessable and recyclable thermosetting polymers and composite matrices.
“…[47][48][49] Immersion of the epoxy-amine-dioxazaborocane D100, in a range of solvents including ethanol, DMSO, toluene, acetone, THF, distilled water and 1 M NaOH showed no material integrity loss with the expected excellent chemical resistance and insoluble properties of a 'traditional/epoxy-amine' thermoset, network polymer. The hydrolytic stability under aqueous conditions, can be attributed to the enhanced stability of boronic esters containing tetra-coordinate bonding via N-atom coordination, 50,51 such as that seen in the bicyclic dioxazaborocane structures described here. The solvent resistance can be clearly seen in Fig.…”
Section: Chemical Resistance and Recyclingmentioning
The development of high performance, recycleable thermoset materials for applications in plastics, composites, coatings and adhesives requires a synthetic approach where recyclability is designed into the molecular structure of the...
“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Smart functions such as damage healability in polybenzoxazine based on hydrogen bonds, phenoxy exchange, ketene chemistry, boric ester, disulfide bonds and other dynamic structures have also been reported by Yagci and Kiskan et al, Verge et al and us. [11][12][13][14][15][16] The excellent molecular design flexibility of polybenzoxazine provides outstanding property adjustment capability. Variation in functional groups and topological structures can be achieved conveniently to adapt for different emerging application requirements.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3–10 Smart functions such as damage healability in polybenzoxazine based on hydrogen bonds, phenoxy exchange, ketene chemistry, boric ester, disulfide bonds and other dynamic structures have also been reported by Yagci and Kiskan et al , Verge et al and us. 11–16…”
1,3-benzoxazine has long been considered as the unique polymerizable benzoxazine species to fabricate high performance polymers. Herein, polymerization of 2H,4H-3,1-benzoxazine is observed for the first time and the thermal property...
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