Exploiting Nondietary Resources in Deep Time: Patterns of Oviposition on Mid-Mesozoic Plants from Northeastern China

Lin, Xiaodan; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Ding, Qiaoling; Meng, Qingmin; Ren, Dong

doi:10.1086/702641

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…The damage was initially categorized into one of eight functional feeding groups: 1) hole feeding; 2) margin feeding; 3) skeletonization; 4) surface feeding; 5) oviposition; 6) piercing and sucking; 7) galling; and 8) mining. Oviposition is not herbivory per se but does represent damage to the foliar tissue of plants that elicits defense responses and has a persistent fossil record [71][72][73][74][75]. Similarly, galls may be created by insects, mites, nematodes, fungi, bacteria, or viruses [76,77].…”

Section: Plant-insect Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect herbivory on Catula gettyi gen. et sp. nov. (Lauraceae) from the Kaiparowits Formation (Late Cretaceous, Utah, USA)

et al. 2022

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The Upper Cretaceous (Campanian Stage) Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah, USA, preserves abundant plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate fossil taxa. Taken together, these fossils indicate that the ecosystems preserved in the Kaiparowits Formation were characterized by high biodiversity. Hundreds of vertebrate and invertebrate species and over 80 plant morphotypes are recognized from the formation, but insects and their associations with plants are largely undocumented. Here, we describe a new fossil leaf taxon, Catula gettyi gen et. sp. nov. in the family Lauraceae from the Kaiparowits Formation. Catula gettyi occurs at numerous localities in this deposit that represent ponded and distal floodplain environments. The type locality for C. gettyi has yielded 1,564 fossil leaf specimens of this species, which provides the opportunity to circumscribe this new plant species. By erecting this new genus and species, we are able to describe ecological associations on C. gettyi and place these interactions within a taxonomic context. We describe an extensive archive of feeding damage on C. gettyi caused by herbivorous insects, including more than 800 occurrences of insect damage belonging to five functional feeding groups indicating that insect-mediated damage on this taxon is both rich and abundant. Catula gettyi is one of the best-sampled host plant taxa from the Mesozoic Era, a poorly sampled time interval, and its insect damage is comparable to other Lauraceae taxa from the younger Late Cretaceous Hell Creek Flora of North Dakota, USA.

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Section: Plant-insect Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect herbivory on Catula gettyi gen. et sp. nov. (Lauraceae) from the Kaiparowits Formation (Late Cretaceous, Utah, USA)

et al. 2022

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“…Arthropod damage to Sphenobaiera leaves has been reported from various other regions and ages (e.g. Steinthorsdottir et al, 2015;Na et al, 2017;Lin et al, 2019). However, none of the illustrated herbivory or oviposition features match those on the Leigh Creek S. insecta leaves.…”

Section: Evidence For Herbivorymentioning

confidence: 91%

Sphenobaiera insecta from the Upper Triassic of South Australia, with a clarification of the genus Sphenobaiera (fossil Ginkgophyta) and its delimitation from similar foliage genera

et al. 2022

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Upper Triassic deposits of the Leigh Creek Coal Measures in South Australia yield exquisitely preserved plant fossils of a typical mid-to high-latitude Gondwanan flora. Here, we present a detailed cuticular analysis of the ginkgoalean leaf Sphenobaiera insecta J.M. Anderson et H.M. Anderson nov. emend., which is characterized by an unlobed or once-lobed, elliptic to oblanceolate lamina, abundant round to fusiform resin bodies, and absence of interveinal striae. We also propose an emendation to the genus diagnosis so that Sphenobaiera encompasses also unlobed leaves such as most of those attributed to S. insecta. Such leaves may be distinguished from morphologically similar co-occurring leaf taxa, such as Heidiphyllum elongatum (Pinales) and Rochipteris spp. (Petriellales), based on the characteristic resin bodies and sporadic occurrence of vein dichotomies in the central lamina. Sphenobaiera insecta leaves show common evidence of a particular type of herbivory damage along the leaf margin in the form of small (1-1.5-mm-long) semi-circular patches each lined by a crescent-shaped, darkened reaction rim.

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“…We found no evidence for skeletonization, seed predation, or domatia FFGs. Although oviposition does not involve feeding, it is included as an FFG as it represents a distinctive mode of damage on host plants akin to herbivory, and has a rich fossil record (Gnaedinger et al ., 2014; Lin et al ., 2019). Each FFG is divided into finely defined DTs of individually distinctive, diagnosable forms of insect feeding on a plant organ that repeatedly occurs in time and space (Labandeira et al ., 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two deposits from the KTR have supplied plant assemblages that provide almost all of the plant–insect associational data for this time interval: the older late Barremian–early Aptian (126–122 Ma) Yixian Formation (Fm) from Northeastern China (Chang et al ., 2017), and the younger late Aptian (115–113 Ma) Crato Fm of Northeastern Brazil (Martill et al ., 2007). Previous studies of the Yixian Fm involved principally Liaoningocladus boii Sun, Zheng et Mei, a broadleaved, pinalean conifer for which herbivory has been documented occasionally as external foliage feeding (Ding et al ., 2015), oviposition (Ding et al ., 2015; Lin et al ., 2019), piercing and sucking (Ding et al ., 2015), mining (Ding et al ., 2014), and galling (Wong et al ., 2015; Labandeira, 2021). Co‐occurring broadleaved conifers Lindleycladus lanceolatus (L. et H.) Harris, and Podozamites sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect herbivory immediately before the eclipse of the gymnosperms: The Dawangzhangzi plant assemblage of Northeastern China

2022

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The Early Cretaceous terrestrial revolution involved global shifts from gymnosperm‐ to angiosperm‐dominated floras. However, responses of insect herbivores to these changes remain unexamined. We evaluated 2 176 highly sampled plant specimens representing 62 species/morphotypes from the 126 Ma Dawangzhangzi plant assemblage of Northeastern China. Our study consisted of horsetails, ferns, ginkgoaleans, czekanowskialeans, conifers, and an angiosperm. Their herbivory was evaluated by the functional feeding groups of hole feeding, margin feeding, and surface feeding (ectophytic feeders); piercer and suckers, and ovipositing insects (ectoendophytic feeders); mining, galling, and borings (endophytic feeders); and pathogens, collectively constituting 65 damage types (DTs). The plant assemblage was assessed for herbivory richness by DT richness, component community structure, and DT specialization on plant hosts; for herbivory intensity, it was evaluated for DT frequency, herbivorized surface area, and feeding event occurrences. Using feeding event occurrences, the data supported seven species/morphotypes as most intensely herbivorized: Liaoningocladus boii (76.6%), Czekanowskia sp. 1 (8.4%), Czekanowskia rigida (4.10%), Lindleycladus lanceolatus (3.5%), Ginkgoites sp. 2 (2.0%), Podozamites sp. 1 (1.1%), and Solenites sp. 1 (0.9%). The most herbivorized taxa were pinaleans (conifers), then czekanowskialeans, and lastly ginkgoaleans; the monodominant component community was the conifer Liaoningocladus boii. DT host specialization levels were low. The plant assemblage had an overall low 0.86% of foliage removed by herbivores, explained by physical and chemical antiherbivore defenses, and parasitoid attack. Although Paleozoic, gymnosperm‐dominated assemblages had greater herbivory, component community structure of the three most herbivorized taxa are more similar to modern bracken fern and willow than modern gymnosperm taxa.

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Exploiting Nondietary Resources in Deep Time: Patterns of Oviposition on Mid-Mesozoic Plants from Northeastern China

Cited by 21 publications

References 144 publications

Insect herbivory on Catula gettyi gen. et sp. nov. (Lauraceae) from the Kaiparowits Formation (Late Cretaceous, Utah, USA)

Insect herbivory on Catula gettyi gen. et sp. nov. (Lauraceae) from the Kaiparowits Formation (Late Cretaceous, Utah, USA)

Sphenobaiera insecta from the Upper Triassic of South Australia, with a clarification of the genus Sphenobaiera (fossil Ginkgophyta) and its delimitation from similar foliage genera

Insect herbivory immediately before the eclipse of the gymnosperms: The Dawangzhangzi plant assemblage of Northeastern China

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