Exploiting immunomodulatory properties of β-glucans derived from natural products for improving health and sustainability in aquaculture-farmed organisms: Concise review of existing knowledge, innovation and future opportunities

Pogue, Robert; Murphy, Emma J.; Fehrenbach, Gustavo Waltzer; Rezoagli, Emanuele; Rowan, Neil J.

doi:10.1016/j.coesh.2021.100248

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…However, information on PRR for SCFAs is still inadequate. The binding of β-glucans and/or SCFAs to known or unknown PRRs has been reported to stimulate the immune system of fishes for enhancement of phagocytosis, production of reactive oxygen species, leukotriene, interleukin and cytokines, and other immune responses associated with Th1 immunity [Figure 2] [ [54][55][56][57]. In this mechanism, professional antigen presenting cells such as macrophages are activated by β-glucan to engulf pathogens and to process and present antigens more efficiently by phagocytosis and autophagy which, in turn, activate other immune cells [54][55][56].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Yeasts Toward Immunostimulation Of Fishesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of yeasts in aquaculture nutrition and immunostimulation: A review

Mahdy¹,

Jamal²,

Al-Harb³

et al. 2022

J App Biol biotech

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With the technological advancement, application of yeasts in aquaculture becomes very popular, especially as an alternative source of proteins in addition to other proteins commonly used in the fish feed industry. Recently, yeast becomes a sustainable novel ingredient of aquafeed for its promising role in nutrition and immunostimulation of many fish species in aquaculture. Thus, yeast supplements and yeast-containing feed ingredients lead to the higher protection against diseases and to the better productivity of fishes resulting in the greater growth of the aquaculture industry. Moreover, rotifers, Artemia, and copepods can be produced well as live aquafeed by application of yeasts in aquaculture. Some yeasts used in probiotic products often improve immunity of fishes as well as attempt to enhance the water quality of aquaculture resulting in good production outcomes. Thus, yeast has been appeared as a novel and vital component of aquatic animal's feed in modern aquaculture. In this review, different aspects of usage of yeasts in aquaculture nutrition and immunostimulation have been discussed.

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Section: Mechanism Of Yeasts Toward Immunostimulation Of Fishesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Improving immunity system and disease resistant [47] can be activated by β-glucans to initiate immune response. However, Dectin-1 can synergize with other receptors to start specific immune responses to β-glucans [54][55][56][57].…”

Section: Hanseniaspora Opuntiaementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of yeasts in aquaculture nutrition and immunostimulation: A review

Mahdy¹,

Jamal²,

Al-Harb³

et al. 2022

J App Biol biotech

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“…In fisheries, it is tedious and costly to vaccinate fish to improve immunity and immune strength against pathogens; one of the major benefits of food component immune modulators is that they can be administered as food and still achieve the same effects. Studies have shown that feeding β-glucans to healthy fish has increased non-specific and specific immunity levels and increased protection against bacterial infections [140].…”

Section: Animal Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Glucans

et al. 2021

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“…Murphy et al 18 reviewed over 200 patents that highlighted the therapeutic potential of β-glucans; this is evidenced by the fact that two glucans were licensed in Japan as immune-adjuvant therapy for treating cancer. Moreover, the pronounced immune-modulatory effects of β-glucans 18 , 19 promoted their usage as adjuvant agents for treating cancers, immune-mediated conditions, rhinitis, respiratory infections, and to enhance wound healing 16 , 20 . However, further clinical testing and translation of β-glucans face significant challenges due to differences in source and extraction procedures 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo toxicity of bioreactor-grown biomass and exopolysaccharides from Malaysian tiger milk mushroom mycelium for potential future health applications

Usuldin

Wan‐Mohtar

Ilham

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Natural mycelial biomass (MB) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) of Malaysian tiger milk mushroom Lignosus rhinocerus are considered high-end components due to their high commercial potential value in drug discovery. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity of the mushroom extracts’ generated in a bioreactor using the zebrafish embryo toxicity (ZFET) model assay as a new therapy for treating asthma. Both MB and EPS extracts, at concentrations 0.16–10 mg/mL, were tested for ZFET and early development effects on Zebrafish Embryos (ZE) during 24–120 h post-fertilisation (HPF). Findings revealed that MB was deemed safe with an LC50 of 0.77 mg/mL; the EPS were non-toxic (LC50 of 0.41 mg/mL). Neither MB nor EPS delayed hatching nor teratogenic defects in the treated ZE at a 2.5 mg/mL dose. There were no significant changes in the ZE heart rate after treatments with MB (130 beats/min) and EPS (140 beats/min), compared to that of normal ZE (120–180 beats/min). Mixing both natural compounds MB and EPS did not affect toxicity using ZFET testing; thus, intimating their safe future use as therapeutic interventions. This represents the first study to have used the ZFET assay on MB and EPS extracts of L. rhinocerus for future health applications.

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Exploiting immunomodulatory properties of β-glucans derived from natural products for improving health and sustainability in aquaculture-farmed organisms: Concise review of existing knowledge, innovation and future opportunities

Cited by 20 publications

References 73 publications

Use of yeasts in aquaculture nutrition and immunostimulation: A review

Use of yeasts in aquaculture nutrition and immunostimulation: A review

β-Glucans

In vivo toxicity of bioreactor-grown biomass and exopolysaccharides from Malaysian tiger milk mushroom mycelium for potential future health applications

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