Exploiting endophytic bacteria for the management of sheath blight disease in rice

Abstract

Sheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is an important soil-borne disease throughout the rice-producing areas of the world. Twenty-nine bacterial endophytes were isolated from different plant sources and tested for their efficacy against R. solani inciting sheath blight in rice. Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens (FZB24) caused a maximum 36% inhibition of R. solani over the control in vitro. Rice plants (cv. ADT 39) treated with FZB24, in combination with seed treatment @ 4 g kg 21 , seedling dip @ 4 g l 21 , soil application @ 500 g ha 21 and foliar application @ 500 g ha 21 , gave the lowest severity of sheath blight (33%) with around 55% reduction over the control under glasshouse conditions. In addition, the B. subtilis (FZB24) treated rice plants showed higher induction of defence-related enzymes, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase, and resulted in higher accumulation of total phenols than in the untreated control plants. The endophytetreated rice plots had a significantly lower intensity of sheath blight than untreated control plots and also recorded a higher grain and straw yield.

Exploiting plant growth-promotingAmycolatopsissp. for bio-control of charcoal rot of sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL.) caused byMacrophomina phaseolina(Tassi) Goid

“…and Methylobacterium sp. against Pseudomonas atrosepticum in potato (Mittler 2002;Pavlo et al 2011); Bacillus subtilis against Rhizoctonia solani in rice (Nagendran et al 2014); Streptomyces sp. against Sclerotium rolfsii in chickpea ; Streptomyces spp.…”

Deciphering the tri-dimensional effect of endophytic Streptomyces sp. on chickpea for plant growth promotion, helper effect with Mesorhizobium ciceri and host-plant resistance induction against Botrytis cinerea

“…PPO inhibits the pathogens by their toxic quinone derivatives and confers plant protection by creation of lignin-like physical barriers [53]. Induction of four isoforms of PPO in endophytic B. subtilis treated rice seedlings and one isoform in R. solani alone inoculated rice seedlings demonstrates the role of PPO and endophyte priming in defense induction [54]. Singh and Gaur [11] reported induction of PAL, PPO and TPC in chickpea against S. rolfsii by endophytic Streptomyces spp.…”

Endophytic Fungi: Biological Control and Induced Resistance to Phytopathogens and Abiotic Stresses

“…Activation of plant defense can occur from elicitation by compounds present in plant extracts [ 103 , 104 , 105 ], yeast preparations [ 106 , 107 ], growth-promoting rhizobacteria [ 108 ], growth-promoting fungi [ 109 ], avirulent pathogens [ 110 ], endophytic fungi [ 47 , 111 , 112 ], among others.…”