Exploiting 2D/3D Geomatics Data for the Management, Promotion, and Valorization of Underground Built Heritage

Abstract

The scarce knowledge and documentation of Underground Built Heritage (UBH) assets frequently limit their full exploitation and valorization. The aim of this work is to reflect on the techniques, functions, and technical features of a specific case study in a very broad context that can, however, be a building block for the understanding, preservation, and reuse of architectural and engineering values that represent a fundamental trace of the history of a society. Therefore, to fill these knowledge gaps, it was constructed a 3D GIS model, multi-scale, and interoperable database, capable of management, promotion, and valorization of UBH. The case study focuses on the old water supply system of the city of Lisbon, as UBH site, with galleries and cisterns that are points of connection with the urban environment above. For the creation of 3D models of the structure under investigation, it was decided to carry out a survey with Mobile Mapping System as a first step, which allowed the construction of a dense point cloud useful to build 3D models of individual objects. Finally, the 3D models were imported into the 3D GIS environment and multi-information could be linked for each previously identified element for greater knowledge sharing. This research has demonstrated how geomatic techniques can be effectively used in conjunction with the information management systems of GIS to explore this “hidden” heritage and has highlighted the limitations and problems of 3D digitization of the UBH. The results obtained offer the possibility of extending and adapting the methodology to different application contexts and the possibility of customizing the data representation.

Geomatics-enabled Interdisciplinary Approach Based on Geospatial Data Processing for Hydrogeological Risk-analysis

“…In the development of a comprehensive geodatabase within GIS, a systematic approach was employed to collect the processed and modeled geospatial data got from the geomatics techniques [28][29][30]. QGIS 3.32 (Lima edition) was used as GIS software.…”

Point Cloud Classification of an Urban Environment Using a Semi-Automatic Approach

“…These are large point clouds with a certain point density, which are complex to manage. In particular, there are few examples in the literature that associate point cloud classification procedures in an urban context with the identification of different LODs, based on the characteristics of the point cloud itself (Verdie et al, 2015;Gorgoglione et al, 2023). Thanks to the development and application of machine learning (ML) and deepl learning (DL) algortims, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a very helpful tool for performing point cloud classifications and LODs definition.…”

Characterization of Anisotropic Salt Weathering through Nondestructive Techniques Mapping Using a GIS Environment

“…Multi-image photogrammetry or "Structure from Motion" (SfM), as it is sometimes called, is preferred to other representation techniques, such as LiDAR, as it can generate high-accuracy point clouds at a lower cost with more flexibility of scale [11]. These characteristics make photogrammetry particularly useful for contorted surfaces with many occlusions [12,13]. Photogrammetric models have been combined with GIS in different ways, mostly using GIS in the usual way as a tool to manage information within a territory [14][15][16].…”