Exploitation of New Chemistry Fungicides Against Charcoal Rot of Sesame Caused by Macrophomina Phasiolina in Pakistan

Abstract

The current research was conducted to find out the most appropriate concentrations of six fungicides for the management of sesame charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina under lab and field conditions. The treatments viz. Antracol, Topsin-M, Mancozeb, Score, Topas, Nativo and Control with concentrations of 150, 250 and 350ppm were used with three replications under completely randomized design and randomized complete block design in Lab. and field conditions respectively. The mean colony growth of all treatments expressed that Nativo exhibited minimum colony growth of (0.93 cm) as compared to Score (1.14 cm), Topsin-M (1.42 cm), Mancozeb (1.77 cm), Antracol (2.04 cm), Topass (2.33 cm) correspondingly. The interaction between treatments and concentrations (T×C) showed that used concentrations 150 ppm, 250 ppm and 350 ppm of Nativo abundantly inhibit fungal colony growth upto 1.26 cm, 0.86 cm and 0.66 cm respectively whereas the interaction between treatments and days expressed that after day ninth the minimum colony growth (1.23 cm) was observed for Nativo as compared to all other treatments. Similarly, the interaction between concentrations and days expressed highest fungal colony growth at concentration 150 ppm on day third (2.06 cm), sixth (3.02 cm) and ninth (3.65 cm) but the interaction of treatments, days and concentrations expressed that at 150 ppm concentration, all treatments exhibited minimum colony growth (1.70 to 3.30) cm at third, sixth and ninth day as compared to 250 and 350 ppm concentration respectively with respect to control (6.90 cm). In filed conditions, Nativo exhibited minimum Mean Disease Incidence (12.55%) whereas the interaction between treatments and days showed minimum of 14.95%, 12.82% and 9.90% disease incidence by Nativo as compared to all other treatments including control (66.86%, 77.57% and 87.22%) after day tenth, twenty and thirty. It was concluded that Nativo is significantly inhibiting the colony growth under lab and filed conditions.

The use of previous crops as sustainable and eco-friendly management to fight Fusarium oxysporum in sesame plants

“…The other isolates of F. solani and F. clmourum did not induce wilt symptoms, but they significantly caused the seedling damping-off. These results agree with those reported by Bashir et al (2017) . Previous studies reported that the cultivation of certain preceding plants effectively controlled various plant diseases caused by soil-borne fungi, including Fusarium wilt of sesame ( Bashir et al, 2017 , El Kichaoui et al, 2017 , Assefa et al, 2020 ).…”

“…These results agree with those reported by Bashir et al (2017) . Previous studies reported that the cultivation of certain preceding plants effectively controlled various plant diseases caused by soil-borne fungi, including Fusarium wilt of sesame ( Bashir et al, 2017 , El Kichaoui et al, 2017 , Assefa et al, 2020 ). The lowest pre and/or post damping-off and wilt of sesame caused by F. oxysporum were recorded in plots where onion and garlic were cultivated, followed by wheat compared to clover in both the clover 2019 and 2020 seasons.…”

Comparative efficacy of fungicides and salicylic acid against charcoal rot under laboratory conditions

“…Our results showed that Nativo expressed least mycelial growth and highest inhibition percentage @ 6mM; 73.82 % at 7 th day as compared to the control. The results of this study are in line with the research of Bashir et al, (2017) who tested six different fungicides (Mancozeb, Topas, Topsin-M, Antracol, Score and Nativo @ 150, 250 and 350ppm) for their effectiveness against M. phaseolina under laboratory conditions and observed that Nativo showed significant results with reduction in the colony growth to a larger extent as compared to other fungicides tested. The results reported by Kumar et al, (2016) are also supportive to present study, the authors tested four concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 25 ppm) of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% for the management of charcoal rot pathogen (M. phaseolina).…”

The cotton charcoal rot causal agent, Macrophomina phaseolina, biological and chemical control

“…Last, the AS dosages and application method should be set and optimized to ensure minimal use and maximum impact. Similarly, other effective chemical compounds ( Bashir et al., 2017 ; Iqbal and Mukhtar, 2020b ) should be tested for the integrated control interphase to expand our options to restrict M. phaseolina damages. Studying the influence of the control methods presented here on other cotton soil diseases and other crops is also an intriguing and valuable future perspective.…”