Exploitation of Heterosis in Single Cross Hybrids of Quality Protein Maize (Zea maize L.) for Yield and Quality Traits

Bisen, Prashant; Dadheech, Amit; Namrata,; Nagar, O. P.; Meena, Ram Kunwar

doi:10.23910/ijbsm/2017.8.1.1748

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Maize contributes 15% of the world's protein and 19% of the calories derived from food crops [2]. Millions of people in the world, and particularly in developing countries, derive a part of their protein [1,14,[17][18][19] QPM cultivars could be competitive with normal maize in productivity and should show stable performance across environments, especially with respect to yield and protein quality traits [9]. It has been a great challenge to combine high yield with high-quality protein content in an elite maize variety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for Quality Protein Maize (QPM) Varieties: A Review

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The nutritional evaluation of quality protein maize (QPM) in feeding trials has proved its nutritional superiority over non-QPM varieties for human and livestock consumption. The present paper reviews some of the most recent achievements in development of QPM varieties using both conventional and molecular breeding under stressed and non-stressed environments. It is evident that numerous QPM varieties have been developed and released around the world over the past few decades. While the review points out some gaps in information or research efforts, challenges associated with adoption QPM varieties are highlighted and suggestions to overcome them are presented. The adoption of released varieties and challenges facing QPM production at the farmer level are also mentioned. Several breeding methods have been conventionally used to develop QPM varieties in stressed (drought, low soil nitrogen, resistance to grey leaf spot, Turcicum leaf blight, ear rot, and Striga) and non-stressed environments. At least three genetic loci have been found to be implicated in controlling the levels of a protein synthesis factor correlated with lysine. They have been mapped on chromosomes 2, 4, and 7. While the use of molecular approaches will improve the efficiency and speed of variety development, the cost implications might limit the use of these technologies in the developing world. More emphasis should be given to breeding QPM for tolerance to environmental stresses, such as low soil pH, heat, and combined heat and drought stress. The post-harvest attack of QPM grains should also be considered. The adoption of QPM genotypes by farmers has been found to be limited mainly due to the minimal collaboration between maize breeders, farmers, agricultural extension workers, and other relevant stakeholders, as well as the need for isolating QPM varieties from normal maize. Therefore, there is need to use participatory plant breeding (PPB) and/or participatory variety selection (PVS) to enhance and improve the adoption of QPM varieties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for Quality Protein Maize (QPM) Varieties: A Review

et al. 2017

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“…Sci. 9 (3): 1760-1766(2017 brids P3 x P5 also exhibited positive significant sca effects for all yield and quality traits under study except for starch content. The positive significant sca effects for starch content were exhibited by twentythree hybrids.…”

Section: Estimates Of Combining Ability Variancementioning

confidence: 84%

“…9%, respectively (Ignjatovic-Micic, 2015) and has a very low content of cholesterol. Normal maize has low protein content i.e 8 to 11 percent of the kernel weight (FAO) with poor protein quality limited by deficiencies in lysine and tryptophan and has an excess of leucine and isoleucine (Mbuya et al, 2011), leading to a poor growth in children and pellagra in adult (Bisen et al, 2017) . Hence genetic manipulation for improved nutritional value, particularly, protein quality was con-ISSN : 0974-9411 (Print), 2231-5209 (Online) All Rights Reserved © Applied and Natural Science Foundation www.jans.ansfoundation.org sidered as a noble goal for maize breeding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining ability analysis for yield and quality traits in single cross hybrids of quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) using diallel mating design

Bisen

Dadheech

Namrata

et al. 2017

JANS

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Forty-five single-cross hybrids developed (in rabi 2014) from ten inbred lines of quality protein maize through diallel mating design along with four checks viz., Pratap QPM Hybrid- 1, Vivek QPM- 9, HQPM- 1 and HQPM-5 were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications for yield and quality traits during kharif-2014, to estimate the gca (general combining ability) of the parents and sca (specific combining ability) of hybrids considered for the development of high yielding varieties. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant mean sum of squares due to gca and sca for all the traits, except mean sum of square due to gca for num-ber of grain rows per ear. Ratio of σ2 sca / σ 2 gca was greater than one for all the traits, thereby indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene effects in the expression of these traits. Inbred line P8 and P5 has been found good general combiner with highest magnitude of gca effects 10.46 and 8.89, respectively and high per se i.e. 52.33 g and 44.67 g, respectively for grain yield per plant and majority of traits. Hybrids P6xP8, P5xP8, P3xP5, P5xP7 and P1xP8 showed higher significant positive sca effects ranged from 25.66 to 34.59 along with good per se ranged from 98.00 to 107.67 g for grain yield per plant. These hybrids also exhibited significant positive sca effects for most of the yield and quality traits under study, indicating potential and may be used for exploiting hybrid vigour in in QPM hybrid breeding programmes.

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“…The maximum positive economic heterosis for this trait was exhibited by hybrid P 5 ×P 8 (4.14%) in E 1 and by P 3 ×P 5 (2.49%) in E 2 over the best check HQPM-5. Abuali [26], Singh [27], Chahar [28], Lahane [29] and Bisen [30] reported economic heterosis to the similar tunes for quality traits in maize.…”

Section: Perusal Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-environment Manifestation of Heterosis for Morphological and Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Kumar

Kiran

Bisen

et al. 2019

CJAST

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An investigation was carried out with 10 parents, their 45 hybrids mated in half-diallel fashion and 4 checks in RBD for estimation of heterosis in two environment (Kharif, 2014 and Rabi, 2014-15) at the Instructional farm, RCA, MPUAT, Udaipur, India. The average productivity of maize in USA is 11.07 MT ha-1 while, in India it is only 3.02 MT ha-1 during 2018-19. We lag far behind USA and are still not able to harness the optimum yield potential in maize that could partly be addressed by evolving hybrid maize cultivar. The present study aims to is identify heterotic hybrids that could yield stably with better grain quality over a range of environments. Environment wise Analysis of variance revealed that mean squares due to genotypes were significant for all the traits in both the environments. Partitioning of total genotypic variance indicated significant contribution of parents for all the traits. Mean squares due to crosses were significant for all the traits under study except for days to 50% tasseling. Mean squares due to parents vs. crosses were significant for all the traits except for days to 75% brown husk. Bartlett test showed homogeneity of error variance only for one trait i.e. grain oil content. The pooled analysis for grain oil content revealed significant differences between the environments. The mean squares due to genotypes including parents, crosses and parents vs. crosses were also significant. Significance of GE interaction for oil content indicates the influence of environments on the expression of this trait. The partitioning of GE interaction into those that by parents×environment and crosses×environment interaction were also significant. Two hybrids in E1, viz., P3×P6 and P2×P4 has shown significant negative economic heterosis for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking and days to 75% brown husk. None of the hybrids has shown significant negative economic heterosis for these traits in E2 environment. The hybrid P3×P5 exhibited maximum positive economic heterosis (6.71%) for grain oil content over the best check HQPM-5 on pooled basis. The hybrid P5×P7 (2.78%) in E1 and P5×P10 (2.58%) in E2 exhibited maximum positive economic heterosis for grain starch content over the best check HQPM-1. The maximum positive economic heterosis for grain protein content was exhibited by hybrid P5×P8 (4.14 %) in E1 and by P3×P5 (2.49%) in E2 over the best check HQPM-5.

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Exploitation of Heterosis in Single Cross Hybrids of Quality Protein Maize (Zea maize L.) for Yield and Quality Traits

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Breeding for Quality Protein Maize (QPM) Varieties: A Review

Breeding for Quality Protein Maize (QPM) Varieties: A Review

Combining ability analysis for yield and quality traits in single cross hybrids of quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) using diallel mating design

Multi-environment Manifestation of Heterosis for Morphological and Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.)

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