Exploitation des données pour la recherche et l’intelligence artificielle : enjeux médicaux, éthiques, juridiques, techniques

Seymour, Karine; Benyahia, Nesrine; Hérent, Paul; Malhaire, Caroline

doi:10.1016/j.femme.2019.04.004

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Such risks can be mitigated by processing aggregated and anonymised data. Moreover, anonymization would have to be demonstrated as the application of machine learning to big data might weaken anonymization; by the re-identification of an individual [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Impact of Using Biosimilars, Is Automated Follow up Relevant?

Perpoil¹,

Grimandi

Birklé

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Biologic reference drugs and their copies, biosimilars, have a complex structure. Biosimilars need to demonstrate their biosimilarity during development but unpredictable variations can remain, such as micro-heterogeneity. The healthcare community may raise questions regarding the clinical outcomes induced by this micro-heterogeneity. Indeed, unwanted immune reactions may be induced for numerous reasons, including product variations. However, it is challenging to assess these unwanted immune reactions because of the multiplicity of causes and potential delays before any reaction. Moreover, safety assessments as part of preclinical studies and clinical trials may be of limited value with respect to immunogenicity assessments because they are performed on a standardised population during a limited period. Real-life data could therefore supplement the assessments of clinical trials by including data on the real-life use of biosimilars, such as switches. Furthermore, real-life data also include any economic incentives to prescribe or use biosimilars. This article raises the question of relevance of automating real life data processing regarding Biosimilars. The objective is to initiate a discussion about different approaches involving Machine Learning. So, the discussion is established regarding implementation of Neural Network model to ensure safety of biosimilars subject to economic incentives. Nevertheless, the application of Machine Learning in the healthcare field raises ethical, legal and technical issues that require further discussion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Impact of Using Biosimilars, Is Automated Follow up Relevant?

Perpoil¹,

Grimandi

Birklé

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…The ability to make good use of data, particularly that of medical imaging, is at the heart of the challenges of tomorrow's medicine. We can cite the development of diagnostic aid tools, radiomics which consists in extracting quantitative data in order to identify potential imaging biomarkers, the development of in-silico models making it possible to accelerate medical research, formulation and validation of hypotheses from the retrospective use of several independent cohorts, patient screening to better target patients eligible for a clinical trial [19]. Indeed, data exists in abundance, nevertheless the exploitation of this "big data" is a very difficult task for doctors and other actors in their specific fields.…”

Section: Artificial Intelligence and Data Miningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence at the Service of Medical Imaging in the Detection of Breast Tumors

Goga¹

2023

Artificial Intelligence

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Artificial intelligence is currently capable of imitating clinical reasoning in order to make a diagnosis, in particular that of breast cancer. This is possible, thanks to the exponential increase in medical images. Indeed, artificial intelligence systems are used to assist doctors and not replace them. Breast cancer is a cancerous tumor that can invade and destroy nearby tissue. Therefore, early and reliable detection of this disease is a great asset for the medical field. Some people use medical imaging techniques to diagnose this disease. Given the drawbacks of these techniques, diagnostic errors of doctors related to fatigue or inexperience, this work consists of showing how artificial intelligence methods, in particular artificial neural networks (ANN), deep learning (DL), support vector machines (SVM), expert systems, fuzzy logic can be applied on breast imaging, with the aim of improving the detection of this global scourge. Finally, the proposed system is composed of two (2) essential steps: the tumor detection phase and the diagnostic phase allowing the latter to decide whether the tumor is benign or malignant.

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“…In this part we will analyse the impact of Article 79 paragraph 1 of the GDPR on the national laws. This provision, based on Article 22 of Directive 95/46/EC 15 , ensures the right of data subject to an effective judicial remedy where he or she considers that his or her rights under the GDPR have been infringed as a result of processing of his or her personal data in non-compliance with the Regulation 16 . Article 79 paragraph 1 of the GDPR includes both substantive and procedural measures which in the event of more than one processor or controller provide for liability of each infringer 17 .…”

Section: The Impact Of Article 79 Of the Gdpr On National Legislation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the event of a serious and immediate violation of rights and freedoms associated with the protection of personal data, the President of the Commission may also request that court proceedings be instituted to protect these rights and freedoms. It is associated with Article 79 of the GDPR, but time and applicable case law will be show if it is a real right to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or processor 31 . Nevertheless, new grounds to filed claims for personal data violations have been introduced in France.…”

Section: Analysis Of Personal Data Protection Procedures In Poland An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Grounds for Civil Liability under National Law in the Light of Article 79 of the GDPR

Oręziak¹,

Łuniewska²

2021

PwD

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The subject of the paper is the functioning of Article 79 of the GDPR in the Polish legal system and in other countries. The above provision establishes the right to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or processor, which is to guarantee the protection of personal data in relation to the data subjects. The paper submits to a dogmatic and comparative analysis those regulations that concern the right to an effective legal remedy in the field of personal data protection based on the example of Polish legal regulations, but also with reference to France, Germany and Great Britain to comprehensively study solutions on the issues in question.

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Exploitation des données pour la recherche et l’intelligence artificielle : enjeux médicaux, éthiques, juridiques, techniques

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Public Health Impact of Using Biosimilars, Is Automated Follow up Relevant?

Public Health Impact of Using Biosimilars, Is Automated Follow up Relevant?

Artificial Intelligence at the Service of Medical Imaging in the Detection of Breast Tumors

New Grounds for Civil Liability under National Law in the Light of Article 79 of the GDPR

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