Explicit Pipe Network Calibration

Ormsbee, Lindell; Wood, Don J.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(1986)112:2(166)

Cited by 100 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Numerous calibration procedures for water distribution system models have been developed since the 1970s. Trial and error approaches (Rahal et al 1980;Walski 1983) were replaced with explicit type models (Ormsbee et al 1986;Boulos et al 1990). More recently, calibration problems have been formulated and solved as optimization problems.…”

Section: Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Water Systems

Loucks

Beek

2017

Water Resource Systems Planning and Management

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"Today, a simple turn of the tap provides clean water-a precious resource. Engineering advances in managing this resource-with water treatment, supply, and distribution systemschanged urban life profoundly in the 20th century, virtually eliminating waterborne diseases in developed nations, and providing clean and abundant water for communities, farms, and industries." So states the US National Academy of Engineering on its selection of water supply systems to be among the top five greatest achievements of engineering in the twentieth century. But providing everyone with clean tap water, especially in urban areas, has yet to be achieved, even in developed nations. The world's population is growing by about 80 million people per year, and is predicted to approach 10 billion by 2050. Over 50% of people on our planet today live in urban areas and that percentage will grow. As populations continually move to cities for improved economic opportunities and a higher standard of living and as cities merge to form megacities, the design and management of water becomes an increasingly important part of integrated urban infrastructure planning and management. IntroductionUrban water management involves the planning, design, and operation of infrastructure needed to meet the demands for drinking water and sanitation, the control of infiltration and stormwater runoff, and for recreational parks and the maintenance of urban ecosystems. As urban areas grow, so do the demands for such services. In addition there is an increasing need to make urban water systems more resilient to climate change. All this leads to the realization that urban water management must be an integral part of urban planning in general. Land use decisions impact water supply and wastewater system designs and operation, as well as measures needed for managing stormwater runoff. A functioning urban infrastructure system also requires energy which in turn typically requires water.Sustainable urban development must focus on the relationships between water, energy, and land use, and often on diversifying sources of water to assure reliable supplies. Integrated urban water management (IUWM) provides both a goal and a framework for planning, designing, and managing urban water systems. It is a flexible process that responds to change and enables stakeholders to participate in, and predict the impacts of, development decisions. It includes the environmental, economic, social, technical, and political aspects of urban water management. It enables better land use planning and the management of its impacts on fresh water supplies, treatment, and distribution; wastewater collection, treatment, reuse and disposal; stormwater collection, use and disposal; and solid waste collection, recycling, and disposal systems. It makes urban development part of integrated basin management oriented toward a more economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable mixed urban-rural landscape.

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Section: Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Water Systems

Loucks

Beek

2017

Water Resource Systems Planning and Management

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“…Various automatic network calibration algorithms have been proposed in the literature and include: (i) methods based on analytical equations (Walski, 1983); (ii) simulation models (Boulos and Ormsbee, 1991;Gofman and Rodeh, 1982;Ormsbee and Wood, 1986;Rahal et al, 1980); and (iii) optimization methods (Coulbeck and Orr, 1984;Ormsbee, 1989). Techniques based on analytical equations require significant simplification of the network through skeletonizations.…”

Section: Network Calibration Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

CLIPS based decision support system for water distribution networks

Kulshrestha

Khosa

2011

Drink. Water Eng. Sci.

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Abstract. The difficulty in knowledge representation of a water distribution network (WDN) problem has contributed to the limited use of artificial intelligence (AI) based expert systems (ES) in the management of these networks. This paper presents a design of a Decision Support System (DSS) that facilitates "on-demand" knowledge generation by utilizing results of simulation runs of a suitably calibrated and validated hydraulic model of an existing aged WDN corresponding to emergent or even hypothetical but likely scenarios. The DSS augments the capability of a conventional expert system by integrating together the hydraulic modelling features with heuristics based knowledge of experts under a common, rules based, expert shell named CLIPS (C Language Integrated Production System). In contrast to previous ES, the knowledge base of the DSS has been designed to be dynamic by superimposing CLIPS on Structured Query Language (SQL). The proposed ES has an inbuilt calibration module that enables calibration of an existing (aged) WDN for the unknown, and unobservable, Hazen-Williams C-values. In addition, the daily run and simulation modules of the proposed ES further enable the CLIPS inference engine to evaluate the network performance for any emergent or suggested test scenarios. An additional feature of the proposed design is that the DSS integrates computational platforms such as MATLAB, open source Geographical Information System (GIS), and a relational database management system (RDBMS) working under the umbrella of the Microsoft Visual Studio based common user interface. The paper also discusses implementation of the proposed framework on a case study and clearly demonstrates the utility of the application as an able aide for effective management of the study network.

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“…Calibration approaches are classified into trial-anderror procedures [10][11][12][13], explicit methods [14][15][16][17] and implicit models [18][19][20]. Implicit methods are used widely to formulate an objective function that should be minimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leakage Detection in Water Distribution Network Based on a New Heuristic Genetic Algorithm Model

Nasirian¹,

Maghrebi²,

Siavash³

2013

JWARP

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The leakage control is an important task, because it is associated with some problems such as economic loss, safety concerns, and environmental damages. The pervious methods which have already been devised for leakage detection are not only expensive and time consuming, but also have a low efficient. As a result, the global leakage detection methods such as leak detection based on simulation and calibration of the network have been considered recently. In this research, leak detection based on calibration in two hypothetical and a laboratorial networks is considered. Additionally a novel optimization method called step-by-step elimination method (SSEM) combining with a genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced to calibration and leakage detection in networks. This method step-by-step detects and eliminates the nodes that provide no contribution in leakage among uncertain parameters of calibration of a network. The proposed method initiates with an ordinary calibration for a studied network, follow by elimination of suspicious nodes among adjusted parameters, then, the network is re-calibrated. Finally the process is repeated until the numbers of unknown demands are equal to the desired numbers or the exact leakage locations and values are determined. These investigations illustrate the capability of this method for detecting the locations and sizes of leakages.

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Explicit Pipe Network Calibration

Cited by 100 publications

References 9 publications

Urban Water Systems

Urban Water Systems

CLIPS based decision support system for water distribution networks

Leakage Detection in Water Distribution Network Based on a New Heuristic Genetic Algorithm Model

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