In the present paper we use transform methods (characteristic function techniques) and contour integrals to derive a closed-form expression for the performance union bound of a general discrete-time system. We show that previously published results may be derived as particular cases of the general formulation developed in this paper. It is well known that the maximumlikelihood Viterbi algorithm may be employed not only for decoding of convolutional codes but also for optimal detection in other situations. Examples include bandwidth-efficient demodulation, optimal accommodation for intersymbol interference and cross-channel coupling, text recognition, simultaneous carrier phase recovery and data demodulation, digital magnetic recording, nonlinear estimation and smoothing. The union bound is a useful measure of the performance of the Viterbi algorithm. Past closed-form expressions for the union bound have usually involved considerable approximation.