Explanatory models of psychosis amongst British South Asians

Bhikha, Aqeela; Farooq, Saeed; Chaudhry, Nasim; Naeem, Farooq; Husain, Nusrat

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2015.05.042

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The development and inclusion of more items concerning biogenetic causes and supernatural causes would be beneficial for use in the local population. This is especially true as supernatural or religious beliefs can affect help-seeking behaviours, for example some may disregard mental health professionals as an appropriate avenue for help as they feel mental professionals disregard religious values and thus prefer to approach traditional healers for treatment (Al-Krenawi & Graham, 2000;Bhikha et al 2015). Indeed, 7.6% of people with mental illness in Singapore reported seeking help from religious/spiritual advisors or other healers (Chong et al 2012b) -a significant proportion, which could not be captured with the causal beliefs scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, 7.6% of people with mental illness in Singapore reported seeking help from religious/spiritual advisors or other healers (Chong et al 2012b) -a significant proportion, which could not be captured with the causal beliefs scale. As spirituality is a key aspect of positive mental health in the local population (Vaingankar et al 2011), engaging traditional healers and religious leaders to increase mental health literacy is important (Bhikha et al 2015). Engaging these key avenues may not only reduce the treatment gap but also reduce stigma and provide social support for those with mental illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reavley & Jorm (2014b) found that those with Bachelor's level or higher education were less likely to believe in causes other than biogenetic explanations of schizophrenia compared with those with lower education. As causal beliefs are thought to affect help-seeking behaviour (Chen & Mak, 2008;Bhikha et al 2015), public education for MHL should be delivered in a format that is easily understandable for those with less education so that they may understand the causes of mental illness and treatment options. The participants in our study were more likely to associate particular causal attributions with certain mental illnesses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, Bhikha et al (2015) found that 55.5% of British South Asians in their study endorsed supernatural causes of psychosis but the majority of them (77.7%) had a dual explanatory model -endorsing both supernatural and biological causes -which was reflected in their help-seeking behaviour through a combination of prescribed medication and traditional healing. It appeared that the respondents were able to hold supposedly conflicting beliefs simultaneously, suggesting that lay beliefs are multidimensional and inform help-seeking choices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Singaporean public beliefs about the causes of mental illness: results from a multi-ethnic population-based study

Pang

Subramaniam

Lee

et al. 2017

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims. To identify the common causal beliefs of mental illness in a multi-ethnic Southeast Asian community and describe the sociodemographic associations to said beliefs. The factor structure to the causal beliefs scale is explored. The causal beliefs relating to five different mental illnesses (alcohol abuse, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), dementia and schizophrenia) and desire for social distance are also investigated.Methods. Data from 3006 participants from a nationwide vignette-based study on mental health literacy were analysed using factor analysis and multiple logistic regression to address the aims. Participants answered questions related to sociodemographic information, causal beliefs of mental illness and their desire for social distance towards those with mental illness.Results. Physical causes, psychosocial causes and personality causes were endorsed by the sample. Sociodemographic differences including ethnic, gender and age differences in causal beliefs were found in the sample. Differences in causal beliefs were shown across different mental illness vignettes though psychosocial causes was the most highly attributed cause across vignettes (endorsed by 97.9% of respondents), followed by personality causes (83.5%) and last, physical causes (37%). Physical causes were more likely to be endorsed for OCD, depression and schizophrenia. Psychosocial causes were less often endorsed for OCD. Personality causes were less endorsed for dementia but more associated with depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Singaporean public beliefs about the causes of mental illness: results from a multi-ethnic population-based study

Pang

Subramaniam

Lee

et al. 2017

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Accordingly, perceptions of mental disorders in cultures of the Global North are predominantly shaped by multi-causal beliefs combining biological, genetic, and psychosocial explanations with environmental factors and stressful life events ( 26 – 28 ). In cultures of the Global South, religious, magical, and supernatural causal beliefs can be encountered as well ( 22 , 29 , 30 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“It's That Route That Makes Us Sick”: Exploring Lay Beliefs About Causes of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Sub-saharan African Asylum Seekers in Germany

et al. 2018

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Many asylum seekers have been confronted with traumatizing events, leading to high prevalence rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Within the diagnostic context, clinicians should take into account patients' culturally shaped presentation of symptoms. Therefore, we sought to provide insights into beliefs about causes of PTSD held by Sub-Saharan African asylum seekers living in Germany. To this aim, we used a quantitative and qualitative methodological triangulation strategy based on a vignette describing symptoms of PTSD. In the first part of the study, asylum seekers (n = 119), predominantly from Eritrea (n = 41), Somalia (n = 36), and Cameroon (n = 25), and a German comparison sample without a migration background (n = 120) completed the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R). In the second part, asylum seekers reviewed the results within eight focus group discussions (n = 26), sampled from groups of the three main countries of origin. Descriptive analyses of the first part demonstrated that asylum seekers predominantly attributed PTSD symptoms to psychological and religious causes, and rather disagreed with supernatural causes. In comparison to the German sample without a migration background, asylum seekers attributed symptoms less strongly to terrible experiences, but more strongly to religious and supernatural causes. Within the focus group discussions, six attribution categories of participants' causal beliefs were identified: (a) traumatic life experiences, (b) psychological causes, (c) social causes, (d) post-migration stressors, (e) religious causes, and (f) supernatural causes. Our findings suggest that the current Western understanding of PTSD is as relevant to migrants as to non-migrants in terms of psychological causation, but might differ regarding the religious and supernatural realm. While awareness of culture-specific belief systems of asylum seekers from Sub-Saharan Africa regarding PTSD is important, our findings do underline, at the same time, that cultural differences should not be overstated.

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Psychiatric Healthcare Experiences of South Asian Patients with Severe Mental Illness Diagnoses and Their Families in New York City: A Qualitative Study

Mohsin,

Aravala,

Rahman

et al. 2024

Community Ment Health J

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Explanatory models of psychosis amongst British South Asians

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

The Singaporean public beliefs about the causes of mental illness: results from a multi-ethnic population-based study

The Singaporean public beliefs about the causes of mental illness: results from a multi-ethnic population-based study

“It's That Route That Makes Us Sick”: Exploring Lay Beliefs About Causes of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Sub-saharan African Asylum Seekers in Germany

Psychiatric Healthcare Experiences of South Asian Patients with Severe Mental Illness Diagnoses and Their Families in New York City: A Qualitative Study

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