Explaining the latitudinal gradient anomaly in ichneumonid species richness: evidence from butterflies

Sime, Karen R.; Brower, Andrew V. Z.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2656.1998.00198.x

Cited by 52 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…(Although geographically removed, this deposit was formed well before the more proximal, Turonian amber of New Jersey). Alternatively, latitude effects on host availability have been suggested as a control on the geographic distribution of modern ichneumonids (e.g., Sime & Brower 1998, and references therein), and may well have influenced their paleobiogeography too. Paleolatitude has been suggested as an explanation for the abundance of Coccoidea (scale insects) in New Jersey amber, while the Canadian and Siberian deposits contain Aphidoidea (aphids) as the predominant herbivorous insects (Grimaldi et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ichneumonidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in Canadian Late Cretaceous amber

2013

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Three new species and two new genera are described within the wasp family Ichneumonidae from Late Cretaceous (Campanian) amber collected at the Grassy Lake locality in Alberta, Canada. New taxa include Pareubaeus rasnitsyni n. gen. et sp. and P. incertus n. sp. within the subfamily Labenopimplinae, and Albertocryptus dossenus n. gen. et sp. within the subfamily Labeninae. The presence of a labenopimpline genus closely related to Eubaeus Townes within Canadian amber further supports faunal similarity between the Canadian assemblage and that recovered from Siberian amber. The records of Labeninae are the first from Mesozoic amber, and demonstrate that the subfamily was present in the Northern Hemisphere in the Late Cretaceous, as opposed to their modern, predominantly austral distribution. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.201300011" target="_blank">10.1002/mmng.201300011</a>

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ichneumonidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in Canadian Late Cretaceous amber

2013

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“…Alternatively, tropical Lepidoptera may be more distasteful, on average, than temperate Lepidoptera (nasty-host hypothesis) or predation on parasitoids may be more intense in the tropics. Sime and Brower [72] found that the data support the nasty-host hypothesis better than either the resource fragmentation or predation hypotheses.…”

Section: Species Richness and Narrow Latitudinal Gradientsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Humpbacked Species Richness-Curve: A Contingent Rule for Community Ecology

Graham

Duda

2011

International Journal of Ecology

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Functional relationships involving species richness may be unimodal, monotonically increasing, monotonically decreasing, bimodal, multimodal, U-shaped, or with no discernable pattern. The unimodal relationships are the most interesting because they suggest dynamic, nonequilibrium community processes. For that reason, they are also contentious. In this paper, we provide a wide-ranging review of the literature on unimodal (humpbacked) species richness-relationships. Though not as widespread as previously thought, unimodal patterns of species richness are often associated with disturbance, predation and herbivory, productivity, spatial heterogeneity, environmental gradients, time, and latitude. These unimodal patterns are contingent on organism and environment; we examine unimodal species richness-curves involving plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, plankton, and microbes in marine, lacustrine, and terrestrial habitats. A goal of future research is to understand the contingent patterns and the complex, interacting processes that generate them.

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“…In contrast, a meta-analysis found that the mean maximum percentage parasitism did not change along a climatic temperature gradient suggesting that peak parasitoid rates are, on average, no different in temperate versus tropical regions (Hawkins 1994). The mixed pattern for parasitism may in part be because Hymenopteran parasitoids do not show a striking latitudinal gradient in species richness (e.g., Sime & Brower 1998).…”

Section: Parasitoids Of Herbivorous Insectsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Is There a Latitudinal Gradient in the Importance of Biotic Interactions?

Schemske

Mittelbach

Cornell

et al. 2009

Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.

1,024

1,178

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Biotic interactions are believed to play a role in the origin and maintenance of species diversity, and multiple hypotheses link the latitudinal diversity gradient to a presumed gradient in the importance of biotic interactions. Here we address whether biotic interactions are more important at low latitudes, finding support for this hypothesis from a wide range of interactions. Some of the best-supported examples are higher herbivory and insect predation in the tropics, and predominantly tropical mutualisms such as cleaning symbioses and ant-plant interactions. For studies that included tropical regions, biotic interactions were never more important at high latitudes. Although our results support the hypothesis that biotic interactions are more important in the tropics, additional research is needed, including latitudinal comparisons of rates of molecular evolution for genes involved in biotic interactions, estimates of gradients in interaction strength, and phylogenetic comparisons of the traits that mediate biotic interactions. 245Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2009.40:245-269. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by University of Sussex on 10/02/12. For personal use only.

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Explaining the latitudinal gradient anomaly in ichneumonid species richness: evidence from butterflies

Cited by 52 publications

References 80 publications

Ichneumonidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in Canadian Late Cretaceous amber

Ichneumonidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in Canadian Late Cretaceous amber

The Humpbacked Species Richness-Curve: A Contingent Rule for Community Ecology

Is There a Latitudinal Gradient in the Importance of Biotic Interactions?

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