Explaining sex discrepancies in sterilization rates in the United States: An evidence‐informed commentary

Abstract

ContextWith abortion no longer deemed a constitutional right in the United States (US), the importance of effective contraceptive methods cannot be overstated. Both male sterilization (vasectomy) and female sterilization (tubal ligation) have the lowest failure rates of available means of contraception. Despite the less invasive and reversible nature of vasectomy compared to tubal ligation procedures and even though some healthcare professionals dissuade certain women, especially those who are white and/or economically advantaged, from undergoing a sterilization procedure, female sterilization is approximately three times more prevalent than male sterilization in the US.PurposeWe suggest that the discrepancy in sterilization rates is attributable to the burdens of pregnancy and birth experienced by women, beliefs that pregnancy prevention is a woman's responsibility, a dearth of sex education that results in lack of knowledge and poor understanding of contraception, perceptions of masculinity in which contraception is viewed as feminizing, and the increase in long‐term singlehood that shapes the desire of individuals to avoid unwanted pregnancy that may result in single parenting.ImplicationsRecent reports suggest that court rulings restricting abortion access and looming threats to contraceptive legality and accessibility may be prompting a national increase in male sterilization.

Assessing Current Interest, Knowledge, and Inquiries About Vasectomies in Urology Patients and Medical Students

“…Interestingly, this study did not mention the recent overturn as a possible reason for these differences, but rather focused on societal norms [11]. Also, according to Mock et al, tubal ligation is three times more prevalent within the United States compared to vasectomies, even though it is a more complex and invasive procedure [12]. With more female students in this study showing an increased interest in their partners or future male partners receiving vasectomies, it is the responsibility of medical professionals to explain the advantages of vasectomies versus tubal ligation in terms of time, anesthesia, and surgical complications to their patients.…”