Explaining educational differences in sickness absence: a population-based follow-up study

Kaikkonen, Risto; Härkänen, Tommi; Rahkonen, Ossi; Gould, Raija; Koskinen, Seppo

doi:10.5271/sjweh.3499

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Earlier studies have shown that lower education may increase the number of sickness absence days as much as 2.5-fold [8] and it has also been shown among asthmatics that lower level education increases the risk of work disability [6, 12]. Adaptation to functional limitations may play a major role in work ability [18] and the possibilities to adapt, adjust and have influence on one’s working environment are probably better among nonmanual workers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An 8-year follow-up study showed that improvements in working conditions and reducing smoking especially in the lower educational groups are likely to reduce the educational differences in sickness absence [8]. Eisner et al showed that past smoking was associated with complete work disability but among the currently employed, smoking status was not associated with partial work disability [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as job changes due to respiratory problems, sickness absences, or in its most serious form, complete cessation of employment due to respiratory problems [7]. In general, work disability is associated with working conditions, socioeconomic factors such as lower level education, and health behavior such as smoking [8]. Based on earlier studies, workplace exposure to dusts or other impurities is associated with work-related respiratory symptoms and disability [9] and among asthmatics, increased respiratory sickness absence [10], work disability [6] and exacerbation of asthma symptoms [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of employment status in individuals with asthma: a cross-sectional survey

Taponen

Lehtimäki

Karvala

et al. 2017

J Occup Med Toxicol

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BackgroundThis study aims to elucidate factors that among adults with asthma are associated with working full-time.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey of 2613 working-age adults with asthma included questions on asthma history, symptoms and use of asthma medication, socioeconomic factors and health behavior. Full-time workers were compared to groups according to employment status: unemployed, work disability and retired due to age.ResultsAdults with asthma working full time were younger and more often nonmanual workers, experienced less asthma symptoms, used less asthma medication and smoked less than subjects with work disability. After adjusting for age, gender, smoking and professional status, having frequent symptoms of asthma during last month was associated with an increase in the risk of unemployment (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–4.2) and with an increase in the risk of work disability (OR 4.4, 95% CI 2.3–8.2).ConclusionsAmong adults with asthma, full-time work was associated with younger age, less symptomatic asthma despite of less medication, nonmanual work and less smoking. Having more severe symptoms of asthma was associated with undesirable employment status such as unemployment or work disability. Possibilities to change from manual to nonmanual work may be important in preventing work disability and early exit from work.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12995-017-0165-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of employment status in individuals with asthma: a cross-sectional survey

Taponen

Lehtimäki

Karvala

et al. 2017

J Occup Med Toxicol

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“…[1,3,4]. Usually, higher SEP means better health and health behaviors [5,6,7,8,9,10] and lower amount of SA [11,12,13,14,15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Magnitude of Occupational Class Differences in Sickness Absence: 15-Year Trends among Young and Middle-Aged Municipal Employees

Sumanen

Lahelma

Pietiläinen

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Background: Our aim was to examine the magnitude of relative occupational class differences in sickness absence (SA) days over a 15-year period among female and male municipal employees in two age-groups. Methods: 18–34 and 35–59-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki from 2002 to 2016 were included in our data (n = ~37,500 per year). Occupational class was classified into four groups. The magnitude of relative occupational class differences in SA was studied using the relative index of inequality (RII). Results: The relative occupational class differences were larger among older than younger employees; the largest differences were among 35–59-year-old men. Among women in both age-groups the relative class differences remained stable during 2002–2016. Among younger and older men, the differences were larger during the beginning of study period than in the end. Among women in both age-groups the RII values were between 2.19 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.98, 2.42) and 3.60 (95% CI 3.28, 3.95). The corresponding differences varied from 3.74 (95% CI 3.13, 4.48) to 1.68 (95% CI 1.44, 1.97) among younger and from 6.43 (95% CI 5.85, 7.06) to 3.31 (95% CI 2.98, 3.68) among older men. Conclusions: Relative occupational class differences were persistent among employees irrespective of age group and gender. Preventive measures should be started at young age.

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“…A persistent finding is that people with lower adult social position have higher levels of sick leave (3), and several longitudinal studies have suggested that working conditions could in part explain this link (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Aspects of the working environment that have been identified as potentially harmful include psychosocial factors (4,5,7,9,10) and physical workload (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10), with the latter appearing to be the most important factor explaining the social gradient (7,9,10). Despite the consistent pattern of these findings, the pathway linking adult social position to sick leave through physical working conditions has not been clearly elucidated from a causal standpoint (11,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult social position and sick leave: the mediating effect of physical workload

Corbett

Gran²,

Kristensen³

et al. 2015

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Explaining educational differences in sickness absence: a population-based follow-up study

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Correlates of employment status in individuals with asthma: a cross-sectional survey

Correlates of employment status in individuals with asthma: a cross-sectional survey

The Magnitude of Occupational Class Differences in Sickness Absence: 15-Year Trends among Young and Middle-Aged Municipal Employees

Adult social position and sick leave: the mediating effect of physical workload

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