Expert’s Usability Evaluation of the Pelvic Floor Muscle Training mHealth App for Pregnant Women

Jaffar, Aida; Sidik, Sherina Mohd; Admodisastro, Novia; Mansor, Evi Indriasari; Fong, Lau Chia

doi:10.14569/ijacsa.2021.0121019

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Therefore, this study added another line of evidence to our needs assessment studies [ 7 , 54 ], validation study [ 19 ], and formative research [ 26 ] in KEPT app development. The data demonstrated that pregnant women (with moderate-to-low income status) in our healthcare clinics are interested in the mHealth app intervention, indicating readiness for the realm of digital health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The KEPT app was an interactive Android version that focused on the PFMT program (educational video, training timer, UI symptoms calendar chart, daily reminder notification, progress chart, and frequently asked questions). KEPT app recommendations were promoted through an evidence-based program that has been validated [ 18 ] and undergone expert usability testing [ 26 ]. The following program components were featured: Educational video: Participants watched a PFMT educational video demonstrated by a certified physiotherapist for six minutes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Effectiveness of mHealth App-Based Pelvic Floor Muscle Training among Pregnant Women to Improve Their Exercise Adherence: A Pilot Randomised Control Trial

Jaffar

Sidik

Foo

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This pilot randomised control trial (RCT) aimed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of conducting a full-powered trial for a newly developed pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) app among pregnant women with urinary incontinence (UI) in Malaysia. This was a prospective, single-centre, single-blind, parallel, randomised controlled, pilot feasibility study—the Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training app (KEPT app) trial. In total, 26 pregnant women with urinary incontinence from an urban healthcare clinic were recruited and randomly assigned to either intervention or waitlist control group. The intervention group received the KEPT app, while the control group received usual antenatal care (waitlist control). Of the 26 pregnant women, 16 (61.5%) completed the two-month follow-up. The recruitment rate was 54.2%, and the retention rate was 62.5% in the intervention group and 60% in the control group. There was a significant difference between intervention and control groups’ baseline measurement in the severity of UI (p = 0.031). The app improved their knowledge (p = 0.011) and self-efficacy (p = 0.038) after the first month and attitude (p = 0.034) after two months of intervention, compared with the control group. This study supports the feasibility of our future cluster RCT. The KEPT app demonstrates a promising effect in improving PFMT attitude and self-efficacy and potentially enhancing exercise adherence among pregnant women with UI. Trial registration: This study was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 19 February 2021 (NCT04762433).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Effectiveness of mHealth App-Based Pelvic Floor Muscle Training among Pregnant Women to Improve Their Exercise Adherence: A Pilot Randomised Control Trial

Jaffar

Sidik

Foo

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The KEPT app prototype was proposed and discussed with the developer. The developer has designed the prototype with a blue color background [ 37 ] as illustrated in Figure 6 . It consisted of both languages: Malay and English, whereby common English words were used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expectation of the app is to deliver the correct method of PFMT efficiently and conveniently according to the pregnant women’s time and place, without the need to be in the clinic or consult with physiotherapists or doctors. The KEPT app is expected to fill the information gap between clinical visits and has undergone its usability evaluation by the experts [ 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Adherence Among Pregnant Women: Validation Study

et al. 2022

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Background Mobile health apps, for example, the Tät, have been shown to be potentially effective in improving pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) among women, but they have not yet been studied among pregnant women. Adherence to daily PFMT will improve pelvic floor muscle strength leading to urinary incontinence (UI) improvement during the pregnancy. Objective This study aims to document the validation process in developing the Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training app, which was designed to improve the PFMT adherence among pregnant women. Methods We utilized an intervention mapping approach incorporated within the mobile health development and evaluation framework. The framework involved the following steps: (1) conceptualization, (2) formative research, (3) pretesting, (4) pilot testing, (5) randomized controlled trial, and (6) qualitative research. The user-centered design-11 checklist was used to evaluate the user-centeredness properties of the app. Results A cross-sectional study was conducted to better understand PFMT and UI among 440 pregnant women. The study reported a UI prevalence of 40.9% (180/440), with less than half having good PFMT practice despite their good knowledge. Five focus group discussions were conducted to understand the app design preferred by pregnant women. They agreed a more straightforward design should be used for better app usability. From these findings, a prototype was designed and developed accordingly, and the process conformed to the user-centered design–11 (UCD-11) checklist. A PFMT app was developed based on the mHealth development and evaluation framework model, emphasizing higher user involvement in the application design and development. The application was expected to improve its usability, acceptability, and ease of use. Conclusions The Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training app was validated using a thorough design and development process to ensure its effectiveness in evaluating the usability of the final prototype in our future randomized control trial study.

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“…Participants were allocated to the intervention group (while continuing antenatal follow-up as usual) with an eight-week KEPT app consisting of a PFMT educational video, training timer, progress chart, daily reminder notification, and frequently asked questions ( Figure 1 ). This app was developed from a user-centred design, adopting the PFMT techniques from an evidence-based PFMT programme using educational video [ 31 ]; it has been validated [ 26 ] and has undergone expert usability testing [ 32 ]. It has been upgraded from the standalone version to an interactive version whereby the researchers could monitor their activities and their UI symptoms progression ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and Usability of Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training App (KEPT App) among Pregnant Women with Urinary Incontinence

Jaffar

Muhammad

Sidik

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is crucial to improving urinary incontinence (UI). This study aimed to assess the Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training (KEPT) app’s feasibility and usability. This is a subgroup analysis from a researcher-blinded, randomised controlled pilot feasibility study among pregnant women with UI. The Malay version of the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (Interactive) evaluated the app’s usability. Ten pregnant women completed the study, with mean age (SD) of 28.9 years (3.1). The app’s feasibility was rated above average. The app was reported with usable in all domains, (1) system information arrangement (4.98/7.0), (2) usefulness (4.89/7.0) and (3) ease-of-use and satisfaction (5.03/7.0). Education level was negatively correlated with the app’s feasibility (r = −0.81, p < 0.001) and all domains of usability such as ease-of-use (r = −0.66, p = 0.01), system information (r = −0.81, p = 0.001) and usefulness (r = −0.81, p = 0.001). PFMT video was among the app features chosen to be helpful. This study demonstrates that the newly developed user-centred design KEPT app is feasible and usable. However, the future app should provide direct feedback about their exercise techniques to motivate PFMT adherence.

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Expert’s Usability Evaluation of the Pelvic Floor Muscle Training mHealth App for Pregnant Women

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Preliminary Effectiveness of mHealth App-Based Pelvic Floor Muscle Training among Pregnant Women to Improve Their Exercise Adherence: A Pilot Randomised Control Trial

Preliminary Effectiveness of mHealth App-Based Pelvic Floor Muscle Training among Pregnant Women to Improve Their Exercise Adherence: A Pilot Randomised Control Trial

Improving Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Adherence Among Pregnant Women: Validation Study

Feasibility and Usability of Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training App (KEPT App) among Pregnant Women with Urinary Incontinence

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