Expert opinion for use of faecal calprotectin in diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel disease in daily clinical practice

Reenaers, Cathérine; Bossuyt, Peter; Hindryckx, Pieter; Vanpoucke, Hilde; Cremer, Anneline; Baert, Filip

doi:10.1177/2050640618784046

Cited by 58 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For example, S100A8 and S100A9 (calprotectin) constitute~45% of the cytoplasmic content of neutrophils and is used as a non-invasive faecal biomarker for assessing colonic inflammation in IBD. 24 We therefore tested if neutrophil numbers vary following C. rodentium infection of C57 and C3H mice. We measured calprotectin levels (S100A8) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in faecal samples collected from uninfected and infected mice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faecal neutrophil elastase-antiprotease balance reflects colitis severity

et al. 2020

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Given the global burden of diarrheal diseases on healthcare it is surprising how little is known about the drivers of disease severity. Colitis caused by infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by neutrophil infiltration into the intestinal mucosa and yet our understanding of neutrophil responses during colitis is incomplete. Using infectious (Citrobacter rodentium) and chemical (dextran sulphate sodium; DSS) murine colitis models, as well as human IBD samples, we find that faecal neutrophil elastase (NE) activity reflects disease severity. During C. rodentium infection intestinal epithelial cells secrete the serine protease inhibitor SerpinA3N to inhibit and mitigate tissue damage caused by extracellular NE. Mice suffering from severe infection produce insufficient SerpinA3N to control excessive NE activity. This activity contributes to colitis severity as infection of these mice with a recombinant C. rodentium strain producing and secreting SerpinA3N reduces tissue damage. Thus, uncontrolled luminal NE activity is involved in severe colitis. Taken together, our findings suggest that NE activity could be a useful faecal biomarker for assessing disease severity as well as therapeutic target for both infectious and chronic inflammatory colitis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faecal neutrophil elastase-antiprotease balance reflects colitis severity

et al. 2020

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“…FC levels also correlate well with leukocyte excretion and intestinal mucosa permeability. Moreover, FC is resistant to bacterial degradation and is stable in faeces, making it a very useful marker for inflammatory bowel activity in clinical practice 4,6,[38][39][40] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…receiving an already-established therapy or whose response to a new treatment is good; checking for potential relapses in patients with CD after surgical resection, and increasingly, screening for any patients with a high probability of suffering a clinical relapse when a given therapy is withdrawn. Of note, different cut-off thresholds are often used in different clinical circumstances to optimise the performance of identical biomarker assays [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] .…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of a mindfulness-based therapy on different biomarkers among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a randomised controlled trial

González-Moret

Cebolla

Cortés

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Mindfulness-based interventions have shown some efficacy in decreasing stress levels and improving quality of life. However, so far, only a few studies have studied this type of intervention among patients with inflammatory bowel disease and none of them have studied their effects on inflammatory biomarkers. This current study was a two-armed, single-centre, randomised (2:1 ratio) controlled trial used to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention (n = 37) compared to standard medical therapy (n = 20) in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. The mindfulness intervention blended four internet-based therapy modules with four face-to-face support sessions. The outcomes we assessed were faecal calprotectin (primary outcome), C-reactive protein, and cortisol levels measured in hair samples at several timepoints. The between-group analysis highlighted significant decreases in faecal calprotectin and in C-reactive protein levels in the mindfulness-based intervention group compared to the standard medical therapy group at the six-month follow-up (faecal calprotectin: −367, [95% CI: −705, −29], P = 0.03; C-reactive protein: −2.82, [95% CI: −5.70, 0.08], P = 0.05), with moderate to large effect sizes (faecal calprotectin: ηp 2 = 0.085; C-reactive protein: ηp 2 = 0.066). We concluded that mindfulness-based therapy administered as part of standard clinical practice effectively improves inflammatory biomarkers in patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease.

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“…Calprotectin has anti-proliferative and antimicrobial properties [14]. Calprotectin is used clinically widespread in the diagnosis and monitoring treatment of inflammatory bowel disease [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascitic calprotectin as a useful marker in the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in adults

Rahman

Attia

Alsebaey

et al. 2020

Egypt Liver Journal

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Background: Ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leucocyte count (PMN) is known to be the gold standard for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) diagnosis. The aim of this work was to assess ascitic calprotectin for SBP diagnosis. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), nitrous oxide, ascitic PMN, ascitic leucocyte esterase and ascitic calprotectin were measured. Results: The average age of our patients was 55.25 ± 7.89 years, mostly males (n = 51, 63.8%), anti-HCV antibodies were positive in (n = 61, 76.3%). Sixty-four patients (80%) were Child-Pugh C and their average MELD was 24.29 ± 8.06. Patients with SBP had statistically significant higher median MELD score (26.5 vs. 19) and higher average Child-Pugh score (12.18 ± 1.74 vs. 10.5 ± 1.97). Forty patients had SBP and 40 patients were without SBP. Both the serum and ascitic nitrous oxide did not differ statistically between patients with and without SBP. In contrast, patients with SBP had higher median serum CRP (49 vs. 12 mg/dL), hsCRP (58,000 vs. 23,750 ng/dL) and ascitic calprotectin (7.57 vs. 1.1 ng/mL). The ascitic leucocyte esterase test was positive in 95% of SBP patients in contrast to 2.5% patients without SBP. Ascitic calprotectin >2 ng/mL had 90% sensitivity, 92.5% specificity, 92.3% positive predictive value and 90.2% negative predictive value. MELD, CRP, hsCRP and ascitic calprotectin are independent predictors of SBP. Conclusion: Ascitic calprotectin is a useful marker for SBP diagnosis.

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Expert opinion for use of faecal calprotectin in diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel disease in daily clinical practice

Cited by 58 publications

References 41 publications

Faecal neutrophil elastase-antiprotease balance reflects colitis severity

Faecal neutrophil elastase-antiprotease balance reflects colitis severity

The effect of a mindfulness-based therapy on different biomarkers among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a randomised controlled trial

Ascitic calprotectin as a useful marker in the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in adults

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