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Soil degradation determined by temporal satellite images and environmental variables in São Paulo State, Brazil

“…The soil topography, which is represented by the steepness and landscape shape, influences the surface runoff rates, as a key factor along with climate, driving the soil loss (Fernandes et al, 2014). The infiltration rates in steep terrain are lower, encouraging surface runoff and enhancing drainage channel formation (Mello et al, 2021) This scenario stimulates soil erosion across the landscape and necessitating adequate management (Weill e Sparovek, 2008) and a reduction in SOM (Starr et al, 2000).…”