Experiments Upon Vitamin A

Sherman, H. C.; Kramer, M. M.

doi:10.1021/ja01669a031

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Selection and Standardization of Experimental Animals.-The experimental animals are young albino rats reared under the supervision and control of the experimenter. Sherman and Kramer (1924) found that animals reared on food mixtures of dry whole milk and ground whole wheat with increasing proportions of milk and therefore of vitamin A, possessed correspondingly increased body stores of vitamin A, even at four weeks of age, as was apparent from the increasing average survival periods, when placed on a vitamin A-free diet. Along with the difference in survival period, the dififering store of vitamin A in the body resulted also in markedly different growth curves on the same vitamin A-free diet.…”

Section: The Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The vitamins / by H.C. Sherman and S.L. Smith.

Sherman¹,

Smith²

1931

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Collecting Net" by Dr. S. Morgulis, and presented to the Marine Biological Laboratory * Notable among such writings is that of Pekhelharing (1G05) recently recalled by van Leersum, Science, October 8, 1926. is certainly too modest, since an accessory substance would ordinarily be judged to be dispensable whereas the indispensability of these substances is one of their most marked characteristics.In order to avoid these difficulties McCollum suggested that, until THE VITAMINS Chamberlain, Vedder, and their associates (1911) of the United States army medical commission for the study of tropical diseases in the PhiHppines were able to report in 1910 the rapid eradication of beriberi from the native troops known as Philippine Scouts, and promptly began a systematic investigation looking toward the chemical identification of the antineuritic substance. As has been mentioned briefly in the preceding chapter, they found the neuritis-preventing substance to be soluble in water and alcohol but insoluble in ether, readily dialyzable through an ordinary parchment membrane, rather readily adsorbed by bone black, and gradually decomposed by heating at temperatures in the region of 115°C. to 125°C . Attempts to identify it with any one of a number of salts and organic phosphorus compounds, with choline or lipoids of the lecithin group, and with arginine, histidine, asparagine or other amino acids were unsuccessful. They suggested that, though not identical with any of the nitrogen compounds tested, the antineuritic substance might prove to be a nitrogenous base but not an alkaloid.Simultaneously with this work, Fraser and Stanton (1911) had shown that the antineuritic substance is soluble in both alcohol and water, stable to heat in acid solution, and much more readily destroyed in alkaline solution. Cooper and Funk (1911) reported that dried, pressed yeast hydrolyzed for 24 hours with 20 per cent sulfuric acid still retained its curative properties. They also confirmed the results of Fraser and Stanton concerning the antineuritic action of the alcoholic extract of rice polishings and carried the process further by finding that the active substance was completely precipitated from a water solution of the extract by means of phosphotungstic acid and that on decomposing the precipitate with barium hydroxide an active substance free from phosphorus, carbohydrate, and protein was obtained. Following this, Funk (1911) announced the isolation from rice polishings of a crystalline nitrogenous compound which he held to be the curative substance. Shortly afterward (1912a) he corrected some of his previous statements regarding this substance, which he provisionally named beriberi vitamine (1912c). At this time he offered evidence indicating that it was a free base probably belonging to the pyrimidine group analogous to uracil and thymine and possibly a constituent of nucleic acid.While later work has hardly supported such definite conclusions as to the chemical nature of the antineuritic substance, yet considerable interest attache...

show abstract

Section: The Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…That a moderate difference in the vitamin A content of the food, whether during infancy or later life, may result in the acquisition of very significantly different stores of this vitamin by the body was shown by Sherman and Kramer (1924).…”

Section: The Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 96%