Experiments on wave propagation at 6.0 GHz in a left‐handed waveguide

Abstract

In this letter, an UWB BPF with a CDSIR, an OLDGS, and an LPF using DGSs is presented. The LPF used in this BPF resulted in the wide upper-stopband performance than a conventional UWB BPF. The fabricated UWB BPF is compact and achieved a wide passband from 3.4 to 10.9 GHz with good frequency characteristics. The insertion loss of the compact UWB BPF is less than 1 dB at frequencies from about 4.4 to 9.3 GHz. The minimum insertion loss is 0.61 dB at a frequency of 7.02 GHz. The group delay variation, which is an important factor for a UWB system, is less than 0.4 ns within the operating band. Meanwhile, a wide upper-stopband with the insertion loss higher than 30 dB in range of 11.1-20 GHz is achieved. These results have indicated a reasonable agreement between simulation and measurements. In addition, it has a compact size with 19.5 Â 19 mm. ABSTRACT: Microwave propagation in a metallic waveguide loaded with an array of split-ring resonators is examined both analytically and experimentally. The synthesized combined medium exhibits a frequency band around 6.0 GHz with simultaneously negative values of permittivity and permeability, which allow transmission in an otherwise forbidden band for the hollow waveguide.

Experimental Study of Transmission and Reflection Characteristics of a Gradient Array of Metamaterial Split-Ring Resonators

“…The inner ring radius r varies from 1.00 to 2.25 mm with steps of 0.25 mm, such that the smallest and the largest diameter are respectively 6.70 and 9.20 mm. The SRR dimensions were determined from design formulas [1] so that the resonant wavelength at 4.40 GHz (68.20 mm) is much larger than the diameter of the largest ring (9.20 mm).…”

“…10 (a) and (b), respectively, the first one has a first passband centered around 3.22 GHz, which corresponds to the magnetic response, a value well below the 6.55 GHz cutoff frequency, thus featuring a negative-refractive-index material [1,2]. The second band with six peaks corresponds to the electrical response, covering the range from 4.03 GHz to 7.90 GHz, by noting that the number of peaks corresponds to the number of resonators, analogous to a set of series coupled cavities.…”

“…Generally incorporating concentric circular split-ring resonators (SRR), such materials can exhibit electric permittivity and magnetic permeability simultaneously negative. According to the peculiar properties of the metallic inclusions in the metamaterial unit cell, a periodic structure formed by concentric rings can be used to allow for wave propagation inside miniaturized waveguide operating below cutoff [1]- [2]. There are several papers in the literature describing the various aspects of the SRR structures and metamaterial research [3]- [24], where electromagnetic resonance properties have been studied both theoretically and experimentally.…”

Experimental Study on Split-Ring Resonators with Different Slit Widths

“…Owing to the resonant behavior of the rings, such a structure can support wavelengths much larger than the dimension of the rings. According to the peculiar properties of circuits made of metamaterials, a periodic structure formed by concentric rings can be used to allow wave propagation inside miniaturized waveguide operating below cutoff [1,2]. Even smaller than the operation wavelength these structures find applications in frequency ranges spanning from microwave up to terahertz frequencies [3], as subwavelength waveguides and resonators, filters and delay lines.…”

Retrieval Approach for Determination of Forward and Backward Wave Impedances of Bianisotropic Metamaterials

“…These materials are referred to as either double negative metamaterials or left-handed materials and obey the left-hand rule. They extend the concept of conventional materials on account of properties engineered through artificially fabricated structures instead of chemical composition as in conventional electromagnetic properties [40]. Pendry et al proposed two composite components for the construction of such materials as: a) arrays of thin metal wires giving a negative ε r [41,42] and b) arrays of split-ring resonators (SRR) resulting in negative µ r [43].…”