Experiments on the development of dental malocclusions

Harvold, Egil P.; Chierici, George; Vargervik, Karin

doi:10.1016/0002-9416(72)90174-1

Cited by 130 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Vários estudos que tratam da relação entre padrão respiratório e desenvolvimento de características crânio-faciais e oclusais vêm sendo publicados [1][2][3][4][5] , principalmente em decorrência da alta prevalência do hábito da respiração bucal. Esta prevalência pode atingir aproximadamente 53,3% em crianças de idade escolar 6 , em relação aos outros hábitos bucais.…”

Section: Metodologiaunclassified

“…O contínuo interesse neste assunto é também alimentado pelo fato de que ainda não foi comprovada nenhuma relação de causa e efeito entre a função nasorespiratória e alguns aspectos da morfologia dento-facial 12 . Ou seja, a literatura não é uniforme em definir, por exemplo, o verdadeiro papel desempenhado pela respiração bucal sobre algumas características oclusais, tais como o tipo específico de maloclusão apresentado por estes pacientes 4,13 , ou o grau de estreitamento maxilar que pode ser atribuído ao padrão respiratório deletério 1,14,15 . Esta controvérsia se deve, pelo menos parcialmente, ao fato de a maioria dos estudos não utilizar um parâmetro objetivamente definido para determinar a presença ou ausência de respiração bucal.…”

Section: Metodologiaunclassified

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Dimensões do Palato e Características Oclusais de Crianças Respiradoras Nasais e Bucais

Feres¹

2009

Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr

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Objetivo: Investigar as diferenças entre crianças respiradoras nasais e bucais quanto às características oclusais e dimensões do palato. Método: Foram empregados 60 modelos de estudo de crianças de 6 a 10 anos divididas em um grupo composto por respiradores nasais e outro por respiradores bucais, selecionados mediante diagnóstico otorrinolaringológico. Os modelos foram avaliados em relação à distância intermolares (DIM), intercaninos (DIC), profundidade de palato (PP), relação molar, e presença de mordida cruzada posterior. Resultados: Quanto às dimensões do palato, observou-se diferença significativa entre os dois grupos em relação à DIM, menor para respiradores bucais (p<0,05); quanto à PP, esta foi significativamente maior para o mesmo grupo em relação aos respiradores nasais (p<0,05). No entanto, em relação à DIC, nenhuma diferença foi observada (p>0,05). Na análise das características oclusais, não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos quanto ao posicionamento dos primeiros molares permanentes (p>0,05) ou em relação à presença de mordida cruzada posterior (p=0,184). Conclusão: A ausência de diferenças entre os grupos quanto à DIC, associada à diferença encontrada em relação à DIM sugere uma tendência de estreitamento maxilar em uma posição mais posterior em decorrência do padrão respiratório alterado. Os dados obtidos em relação às características oclusais sugerem que o respirador bucal não pode ser considerado como portador de um tipo de maloclusão específica. No entanto, a detecção da presença de uma maior PP e, principalmente, de uma menor DIM nos respiradores bucais pode indicar uma tendência de evolução de contração do arco maxilar e subseqüente instalação de mordida cruzada posterior que, eventualmente, pode se pronunciar com maior evidência com o passar da idade.Respiração bucal; Ortodontia; Má oclusão.Objective: To investigate differences between nose and mouthbreathing children with respect to the occlusal characteristics and palatal dimensions. Method: For this study were used 60 study models of children aged 6 to 10 years, assigned to a group of nose-breathing children and a group of mouth-breathing children, selected based on the otorhinolaryngological diagnosis. The models were evaluated with respect to the intermolar distance (IMD), intercanine distance (ICD), palatal depth (PD), molar relationship and presence of posterior crossbite. Results: Regarding the palatal dimensions, a statistically significant difference was observed between the groups as to IMD, which was smaller for the mouth-breathing children (p<0.05). PD was significantly greater for the mouth-breathers compared to the nosebreathers (p<0.05). Nevertheless, no significant difference was observed with respect to ICD (p>0,05). The analysis of occlusal characteristics revealed no significant differences between the groups as to the position of the first permanent molars (p>0.05) or presence of posterior crossbite (p=0.184). Conclusion: The lack of difference between the groups as to ICD allied to the difference found f...

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Section: Metodologiaunclassified

Dimensões do Palato e Características Oclusais de Crianças Respiradoras Nasais e Bucais

Feres¹

2009

Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr

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“…Using rhesus monkeys, Harvold and his colleagues demonstrated that reducing tongue volume by partial glossectomy caused the dental arch to collapse lingually (crowding). 20,23 Artificially lowering the tongue and mandible by inserting an acrylic block into the palatal vault or by obstructing the nostrils resulted in an anterior open bite, posterior crossbite (spacing) and increased tooth extrusion and facial height. 21,24,25 Another experiment on the effect of tongue volume on craniofacial morphology was performed in miniature pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tongue volume reduction on craniofacial growth: A longitudinal study on orofacial skeletons and dental arches

Liu

Shcherbatyy

et al. 2008

Archives of Oral Biology

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The interaction between tongue size/volume and craniofacial skeletal growth is essential for understanding the mechanism of specific types of malocclusion and objectively measuring outcomes of various surgical and/or orthodontic treatments. Currently available information on this interaction is limited. This study was designed to examine how tongue body volume reduction affects craniofacial skeleton and dental arch formation during the rapid growth period in five 12-week-old Yucatan minipig sibling pairs. One of each pair received a standardized reduction glossectomy to reduce tongue volume by 15-17% (reduction group), and the other had the reduction glossectomy incisions without tissue removal (sham group). Before surgery, five stainless steel screws were implanted into standardized craniofacial skeletal locations. A series of cephalograms, lateral and axial, were obtained longitudinally at 1 week preoperative, and 2 and 4 weeks postoperative. These images were traced using superimposition, and linear and angular variables were measured digitally. Upon euthanasia, direct osteometric measurements were obtained from harvested skulls. Five enbloc bone pieces were further cut for bone mineral examination by dual photon/energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The results indicate that: (1) while daily food consumption and weekly body weight were not significantly affected, tongue volume reduction showed an overall negative effect on the linear expansion of craniofacial skeletons; (2) premaxilla and mandibular symphysis lengths, and anterior dental arch width were significantly less in reduction than sham animals at 2 and/or 4 weeks after the surgery; (3) both premaxilla/maxilla and mandible bone mineral density and content were lower in reduction than sham animals, significantly lower in anterior mandible; (4) craniofacial skeletal and dental arch size were significantly smaller in reduction than sham animals, being most significant in the mandibular anterior length and ramus height, the anterior dental arch and midface width. These results suggest that reducing tongue body volume in young animals slows craniofacial skeletal growth and anterior dental arch expansion during rapid growth. The mandible, in particular its symphysis portion, and the anterior dental arch width are most affected. These effects may in part contribute to the decrease of functional loads in the anterior mouth by a volume-reduced tongue.

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“…'' Changes in the MP angle have been clinically and experimentally shown to occur as a result of environmental and functional factors. [11][12][13][14] Although an increased MP angle in such cases may justify their classification as hyperdivergent, they cannot reasonably be considered to be skeletal. Unfortunately, this misdiagnosis is not infrequent and leads to much confusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inconsistencies in the Differential Diagnosis of Open Bite

Arat

Akçam

Esenlik³

et al. 2008

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To examine inconsistencies in the differential diagnosis of open bite. Materials and Methods: Using visual judgments, a total of 77 anterior open-bite cases in the postpubertal growth period were grouped as either morphogenetic, functional, or combination. The same sample was also grouped as either hyperdivergent, normodivergent, or hypodivergent using mandibular-plane angle and conventional cephalometry. Kappa analysis was used to test the agreement between the 2 methods of evaluation, and2 tests were used to analyze the distribution of cephalometrically grouped hyperdivergent, normodivergent, and hypodivergent cases among the visually assessed morphogenetic, functional and combination groups and vice versa. A score of 0.343 indicated a weak agreement between visual judgment and cephalometric methods of evaluation (P Ͻ .001). Results: Despite the expectation that cases evaluated as hyperdivergent using cephalometry would be visually evaluated as morphogenetic, more than half of the cases assessed as hyperdivergent were in fact classified as functional. Conclusions: These findings highlight the inadequacy of relying solely on cephalometric evaluation to classify open bite.

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Experiments on the development of dental malocclusions

Cited by 130 publications

References 2 publications

Dimensões do Palato e Características Oclusais de Crianças Respiradoras Nasais e Bucais

Dimensões do Palato e Características Oclusais de Crianças Respiradoras Nasais e Bucais

Effects of tongue volume reduction on craniofacial growth: A longitudinal study on orofacial skeletons and dental arches

Inconsistencies in the Differential Diagnosis of Open Bite

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