Experiments on fault reactivation in strike-slip mode

Richard, Pascal; Krantz, Robert W.

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(91)90318-m

Cited by 99 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, in this area of unusually high compressive stress, the fracture zones have been reactivated at depth in a left lateral sense to allow the observed deformation to develop. This agrees with the experimental work of Richard and Krantz (1991), who suggest that not only does a previously faulted zone control the deformation of a strike-slip zone in sand-box experiments, but that reactivation of faults in a strike-slip sense can occur at depth without local&d surface deformation. They attribute this difference in behaviour to the increasing importance of mechanical cohesion with decreasing depth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Structural style of intra-plate deformation, Central Indian Ocean Basin: evidence for the role of fracture zones

Bull

1990

Tectonophysics

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The structural style of the intraplate defo~ation developed in the Central Indian Ocean Basin was investigated in an area (7S" E-82* E, 0aS4i0S) to the west of the Afanasy Nikitin seamount using an integrated data set of seismic reflection profiles from Edinburgh University and Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory. The study area contains two fracture zones, which strike -OOS* E to 010 o E, with oceanic lithosphere (age range -65-78 Ma B.P.) younging westwards across them. No evidence for recent fault activity in the oceanic basement along the fracture zones could be detected in this area, although the close association between intraplate earthquakes and fracture zones elsewhere suggests reactivation of the fracture zones at upper mantle depths in a left lateral strike-slip sense. A statistical study was carried out into the fist and second orders of deformation, long wavelength basement undulations and high-angle reverse faults respectively, and the relationships between them. The orientations of the axes of the undulations vary from 065 o E to 085 'E while the high-angle faults strike consistently at 090' E to 100' E. The results of this analysis suggest that the high-angle faults are the result of the reactivation of two sets of pre-existing spreading-centre normal faults, one set originally facing towards the spreading centre and the other facing away. Furthermore, although the long wavelength undulations are not fault generated, the high-angIe faults have modified the basement topography causing the a~ntuation of some of the basement highs. The observation that the undulations are not fault-generated is consistent with them being of flexural origin (including buckling of the crust and/or lithosphere).Basement undulations are clearly discontinuous across fracture zones and the facing direction of faulting is also offset. This discontinuity, the orientation of the axes of the undulations, the presence of other strong oblique basement trends, and information from regional earthquake studies suggest that the deformation resulted from not only -N-S compression as a result of the continental collision between India and Asia, but also left lateral strike-slip along fracture zones caused by the difference in resistance to plate motion between the continental collision to the north and subduction at the Sunda Arc to the northeast.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Structural style of intra-plate deformation, Central Indian Ocean Basin: evidence for the role of fracture zones

Bull

1990

Tectonophysics

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“…A set of analogue laboratory experiments that quite closely reproduces the structural style seen here was conducted by Richard & Krantz (1991). On a basement fault of dip 54° with a cover of 'brittle' sedimentary rocks reverse motion produced two faults propagating through the cover, one a colinear prolongation of the basement fault, the other a gently steepening fault originating from the same basement displacement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Such dramatic steepening may result from the stress drop associated with the change in rheology from oceanic basement to the thick sedimentary cover. In addition, a component of strike slip motion during reactivation may be responsible, since laboratory studies of reactivation by Richard & Krantz (1991) indicate that strikeslip facilitates fault steepening. Features typical of strike-slip faulting, such as anastomosing fault planes, flower structures and alternating fault throws with depth, have not been seen.…”

Section: Reflection Charactermentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic reflection images of intraplate deformation, central Indian Ocean, and their tectonic significance

Bull

Scrutton

1992

JGS

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, which is at the lower end of predictions from plate motions, but significant enough to recognize this area as a diffuse plate boundary. The formation of long-wavelength basement undulations and the reactivation of fracture zones and ridge-parallel fault fabrics are linked in a unified tectonic model driven by the high level of intraplate compressive stress in the area. There is little evidence from the seismic profiles for intraplate deformation starting before the widespread unconformity dated as 7 Ma.

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“…In the study area, the non-reactivated faults include: (1) i.e, strike-linkage (Baudon and Cartwright, 2008;Omosanya and Alves, 2014;Tvedt et al, 2013;Jackson and Rotevatn, 2013). As the preferred direction of fault reactivation is directly related to the orientation of the fault plane relative to the principal stress direction, the strain causes reactivation, friction coefficients and cohesion, fault segmentation, maximum dimension and throw values (Sibson, 1985;Baudon and Cartwright, 2008;Richard and Krantz, 1991;White et al, 1986). The principal stress direction during the first fault reactivation at the end of Jurassic can be inferred as N-S from the E-W orientated faults and probably shifted towards ENE-WSW as indicated by NNW-SSE oriented major faults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-seated faults and hydrocarbon leakage in the Snøhvit Gas Field, Hammerfest Basin, Southwestern Barents Sea

Mohammedyasin

Lippard

Omosanya

et al. 2016

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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High-quality 3D seismic data are used to analyze the history of fault growth and hydrocarbon leakage in the Snøhvit Field, southwestern Barents Sea. The aim of this work is to evaluate the role of tectonic fracturing as a mechanism driving fluid-flow in the study area. To achieve this aim, an integrated approach including seismic interpretation, multiple seismic attribute analysis, fault modeling and displacement analysis was used.The six major faults in the study area are dip-slip normal faults which are characterized by complex lateral and vertical segmentation. The three main episodes of fault reactivation interpreted were in late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian), early Cretaceous and Paleocene times. Fault reactivation in the study area is mainly through dip-linkage. Throw-distance plots of the representative faults also revealed along-strike linkage and multi-skewed C-type profiles. The throw profiles show that faults in the study area evolved through polycyclic activity involving both blind propagation, syn-sedimentary activity and that they have their maximum displacement at the reservoir zone. The expansion and growth indices provide evidence for coeval fault activity with sedimentation and interaction of the faults with a free surface during their evolution.

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Experiments on fault reactivation in strike-slip mode

Cited by 99 publications

References 6 publications

Structural style of intra-plate deformation, Central Indian Ocean Basin: evidence for the role of fracture zones

Structural style of intra-plate deformation, Central Indian Ocean Basin: evidence for the role of fracture zones

Seismic reflection images of intraplate deformation, central Indian Ocean, and their tectonic significance

Deep-seated faults and hydrocarbon leakage in the Snøhvit Gas Field, Hammerfest Basin, Southwestern Barents Sea

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