Experiments of Chloride Ingression in Loaded Concrete Members under the Marine Environment

Wang, Yuanzhan; Lin, Chen’anpan; Cui, Yanqiang

doi:10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0000960

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Ghods et al (2005) also found greater apparent diffusion coefficients for the zone of tidal variation in a study of exposure of concrete specimens in the Persian Gulf Region during a period of 3 months. The same observation was made by Wang et al (2013) after tests on concrete specimens exposed for a period of 6 months in a self-designed tidal circulation device and in a salt spray chamber. Luping and Andersen (2001) did not study the tidal variation one, but identified proximity in the diffusion coefficient values obtained in marine atmospheric zone and in splash zone for concrete slabs exposed for a period of 5 years in a Swedish marine environment.…”

Section: Pathological Manifestations North South East Westsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Thus, it is observed that many papers periodically verify the ingress of chlorides in concrete specimens exposed to marine environment (Ghods et al, 2005;Moradllo et al, 2012;Peterson et al 2013;Ramli and Tabassi, 2012;Wang et al 2013). However, it is still unclear the representativeness of the acquired data in specimens when compared to real structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Then, the apparent diffusion coefficients and surface chloride contents of concrete specimens were determined by curve fitting the chloride profiles to Fick's 2nd law, according to other studies available in literature (Ghods et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2013). This procedure was performed for each test point on the platform, using the Fick's 2nd law solution applied to the process of chlorides diffusion (Collepardi et al, 1972;Crank, 1975).…”

Section: Determination Of Chloride Profiles In Concrete Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chloride penetration into concrete in an offshore platform-analysis of exposure conditions

et al. 2015

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Section: Pathological Manifestations North South East Westsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Determination Of Chloride Profiles In Concrete Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chloride penetration into concrete in an offshore platform-analysis of exposure conditions

et al. 2015

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“…Based on the experiment results on the chloride diffusivity of concrete in tensile and compressive zones, Wang et al [12] insisted that the chloride concentration increased with flexural stress in the tensile zone of concrete, regardless of the stress level, but decreased with compressive stress at first and increased until the stress increased up to 55% of compressive strength in the compressive zone of concrete. To explore the characteristics of chloride diffusivity at different depths of concrete sections, Wang et al [13] proposed a model by establishing the relationship between flexural load levels and chloride diffusion coefficients. As concerns grow over sustainable development, it is important that the environmental implications of adding BF into concrete should be properly considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of Reinforced Concrete Beams with/without BF Influenced by Cracking Capacity and Chloride Diffusion

et al. 2020

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Concrete’s production causes pronounced environmental impacts. It is confirmed that adding basalt fiber (BF) into concrete can improve the mechanical properties and reduce the chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete. Moreover, research on the environmental impact of BF and its application in concrete has gradually emerged in recent years. However, there is little research on the chloride diffusivity of concrete structures with BF under the coupling interaction of external loads and chloride action. Therefore, at first, six beams were cast to obtain the depth-dependent chloride diffusivity of concrete under the coupling interaction of chloride penetration and 50% and 80% of the cracking capacity. Then, a functional unit (FU) combining durability, cracking capacity and volume was proposed to evaluate the sustainability of the concrete structure. In addition, three extra FUs (volume, considering volume and cracking capacity simultaneously and considering volume, cracking capacity and durability simultaneously) were also proposed and compared with the first FU. Results indicate that, regardless of the applied load level, the average chloride diffusion coefficient of a reinforced concrete (RC) beam with BF is larger than that of an ordinary RC beam. Moreover, the sorting of life cycle assessment (LCA) results will vary significantly with the different preset functional units. When taking the cracking capacity into consideration, adding BF into concrete is a suitable solution to improve the sustainability of RC beams.

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“…Therefore, concrete elements in structures could have cracks of different sizes up to 0.3 mm due to the loading and, hence, there exist smaller cracks, termed as microcracks, which can influence the corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete elements exposed to chloride environments because chlorides can be transported through such cracks. Although a small number of publications dealt with the influence of micro-cracks (greater than 30 µm) (Wang et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2014;Li, 2000;Li et al, 2011;Sahmaran, 2007;Sahmaran & Yaman, 2008;Konin et al, 1998), the significance of micro-cracks on chloride induced corrosion is not well documented. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of relatively small cracks, including microcracks, on the corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete that has been exposed to chlorides so that the number of premature failure of reinforced concrete structures could be reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Micro and Macro Cracks Due to Sustained Loading on Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Reinforced Concrete Beams

Wang

Nanukuttan

Bai³

2014

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on the Durability of Concrete Structures

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Chloride-induced corrosion of steel is one of the most commonly found problems affecting the durability of reinforced concrete structures in both marine environment and where de-icing salt is used in winter. As the significance of micro-cracks on chloride induced corrosion is not well documented, 24 reinforced concrete beams (4 different mixes -one containing Portland cement and another containing 35% ground granulated blastfurnace slag at 0.45 and 0.65 water-binder ratios) were subjected to three levels of sustained lateral loading (0%, 50% and 100% of the load that can induce 0.1 mm wide cracks on the tension surface of beam-F 0.1 ) in this work. The beams were then subjected to weekly cycles of wetting with 10% NaCl solution for 1 day followed by 6 days of drying at 20 (±1) 0 C up to an exposure period of 60 weeks. The progress of corrosion of steel was monitored using half-cell potential apparatus and linear polarisation resistance (LPR) test. These results have shown that macro-cracks (at load F 0.1 ) and micro-cracks (at 50% of F 0.1 ) greatly accelerated both the initiation and propagation stages of the corrosion of steel in the concrete beams. Lager crack widths for the F 0.1 load cases caused higher corrosion rates initially, but after about 38 weeks of exposure, there was a decrease in the rate of corrosion. However, such trends could not be found in 50% F 0.1 group of beams. The extent of chloride ingress also was influenced by the load level. These findings suggest that the effect of micro-cracking at lower loads are very important for deciding the service life of reinforced concrete structures in chloride exposure environments.

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Experiments of Chloride Ingression in Loaded Concrete Members under the Marine Environment

Cited by 33 publications

References 12 publications

Chloride penetration into concrete in an offshore platform-analysis of exposure conditions

Chloride penetration into concrete in an offshore platform-analysis of exposure conditions

Sustainability of Reinforced Concrete Beams with/without BF Influenced by Cracking Capacity and Chloride Diffusion

Influence of Micro and Macro Cracks Due to Sustained Loading on Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Reinforced Concrete Beams

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