Experiments in geotropism

Oxlade, E. L.; Clifford, P. E.

doi:10.1080/00219266.1981.9654359

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In contrast, sporophylls of D. wendlandii show a double sigmoid growth curve. This pattern (rapid growth followed by a period with little increase in length followed by rapid growth again) has been reported for the peduncle of the dandelion, Taraxacum officinale (Oxlade and Clifford, 1981), and is characteristic of the development of certain stone fruits (Coombe, 1976). The only previous report of a time lag in growth of a fern leaf after emergence is for the temperate zone grape-fern, Botrychium lunarioides (Wagner and Wagner, 1977).…”

Section: Number Of Measurements Made Is Shown In Parenthesessupporting

confidence: 57%

Leaf Growth and Phenology of the Dimorphic Herbaceous Layer Fern Danaea Wendlandii (Marattiaceae) in a Costa Rican Rain Forest

Sharpe

Jernstedt

1990

American J of Botany

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Leaf growth and spore release in Danaea wendlandii were monitored under temperate greenhouse conditions and in a rain forest at the La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica. Sterile leaf (trophophyll) growth occurs in four phases, and fertile leaf (sporophyll) growth occurs in five phases. Trophophylls show an initial rapid increase in length for a 4‐week period, attain full maturity at 8 weeks, and remain on the plant for about 3 years. There appears to be a seasonal pattern of trophophyll growth, with crozier emergence rates in May and June three times higher than the mean annual rate. Sporophyll growth shows a double sigmoid pattern. For about 3 weeks after crozier emergence, there is a rapid increase in length. This phase is followed by a 10‐week period with no appreciable change in length. Rapid elongation over a 2‐week period precedes spore release; this is followed within 2 weeks by disappearance of the sporophyll. Sporophylls in the rain forest are subject to 14% mortality prior to maturation, with most mortality occurring in later stages of growth. A projected phenology based on the sporophyll growth curve shows peaks in spore release late in the wet season with a concomitant peak in sporophyll emergence early in the wet season during the 15‐month period from June 1986 through September 1987.

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Section: Number Of Measurements Made Is Shown In Parenthesessupporting

confidence: 57%

Leaf Growth and Phenology of the Dimorphic Herbaceous Layer Fern Danaea Wendlandii (Marattiaceae) in a Costa Rican Rain Forest

Sharpe

Jernstedt

1990

American J of Botany

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“…When seeds are nearly mature, the scape elongates again up to 75 cm, maximizing its height for effective dispersal of the wind-blown seeds (Longyear 1918;Jackson 1982;Richardson 1985). Therefore, the scape grows upright (negatively orthogeotropic) when extension growth is rapid, as it is prior to flowering and during formation of the inflorescence (Oxlade and Clifford 1981). However, between these stages, when extension growth is minimal and the inflorescence is closed, the scape can grow parallel to the ground (diageotropic) for some or most of its length (Oxlade and Clifford 1981).…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the scape grows upright (negatively orthogeotropic) when extension growth is rapid, as it is prior to flowering and during formation of the inflorescence (Oxlade and Clifford 1981). However, between these stages, when extension growth is minimal and the inflorescence is closed, the scape can grow parallel to the ground (diageotropic) for some or most of its length (Oxlade and Clifford 1981). The outer tissue layers of T. officinale scapes are held in a state of longitudinal tension by internal stem tissues, which are held in a reciprocal state of compression (Niklas and Paolillo 1998).…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 117. Taraxacum officinale G. H. Weber ex Wiggers

Stewart-Wade¹,

Neumann²,

Collins³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

138

111

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is a perennial weed occurring in parks, gardens, pastures, orchards, roadsides, vegetable gardens, agricultural crops and horticultural crops. A common weed worldwide, it was originally introduced from Eurasia and now occurs in every province of Canada. It is an aesthetic problem during flowering and seed production, interrupting turfgrass uniformity and density; it reduces yields of agricultural crops; it causes slower drying of hay; its pollen is allergenic; and it acts as an alternative host for several pests and diseases. A number of herbicides are available for its control. Mechanical removal of T. officinale plants has limited success, due to the regenerative capacity of the long taproot. Insects, fungi, sheep and geese have been considered as biological control agents for dandelion.

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Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion)

2022

CABI Compendium

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Experiments in geotropism

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Leaf Growth and Phenology of the Dimorphic Herbaceous Layer Fern Danaea Wendlandii (Marattiaceae) in a Costa Rican Rain Forest

Leaf Growth and Phenology of the Dimorphic Herbaceous Layer Fern Danaea Wendlandii (Marattiaceae) in a Costa Rican Rain Forest

The biology of Canadian weeds. 117. Taraxacum officinale G. H. Weber ex Wiggers

Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion)

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