Experiments and Simulation of the Liquid Flow in the Dropping Zone of a Blast Furnace.

Eto, Yoshio; Takeda, Kanji; Miyagawa, Shoji; Taguchi, Sachihiro; Itaya, Hiroshi

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.33.681

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…(3a) and (3b), are the same as those used in previ- ous studies on liquid flow. 14,15) Figures 3 and 4 show the velocity vectors of gas and major liquid stream in the blast furnace involving three typical CZs for the base cases in this study, respectively. Under the given gas flow conditions, the liquid flow rate contours and total holdup distribution are correspondingly shown in Figs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e p and e l are respectively the volume fractions of particles and liquid and has a relation expressed as e g ϩe l ϩe p ϭ1, where e l is equal to the total holdup of liquid that can be estimated using relevant formulae from the literature. 4,15) Note that this gas model is similar to earlier models [4][5][6]13,14) due to the continuous assumption for the gas flow, but includes the interaction between gas and the discrete liquid.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…the flow region is not defined during liquid flow. 11,12) To simulate this flow behavior, Wang et al 13) developed a combined probability-continuous model, while Eto et al 14) proposed a so-called Dynamic Model with a tube network. However it is difficult to apply the above models under actual flow conditions due to disadvantages in either concept or numerical technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of Gas-Liquid Flow in Dripping Zone of Blast Furnace Involving Impermeable Fused Layers.

Wang

Litster

2000

ISIJ International

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A newly developed gas-liquid two-phase model has been employed to simulate the flow of gas and liquid in a blast furnace. This model accounts for the existence of impermeable fused layers in the blast furnace cohesive zone and treats the liquid as a discrete phase as revealed by experimental observation. The model has been run with a variety of assumed cohesive zones under a given blast furnace condition, giving the flow pattern and the distributions of liquid flow rates and liquid holdup. The results demonstrate the localized horizontal or upward flow characteristics of discrete liquid in and below the blast furnace cohesive zone. These characteristics are affected by the cohesive zone structure that can be described in terms of shape, position and the numbers of fused layers. The study reinforces the need to implement liquid flow in blast furnace modelling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of Gas-Liquid Flow in Dripping Zone of Blast Furnace Involving Impermeable Fused Layers.

Wang

Litster

2000

ISIJ International

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“…121) The first three models have been summarized by Yagi. 1) These models can describe the liquid flow pattern and holdup distribution in a BF to some degree.…”

Section: Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Multiphase Flow in a Blast Furnace: Recent Developments and Future Work

et al. 2007

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An ironmaking blast furnace is a complex multiphase flow reactor involving gas, powder, liquid and solid phases. Understanding the flow behaviour of these phases is of paramount importance to the control and optimization of the process. Mathematical modelling, often coupled with physical modelling, plays an important role in this development. Yagi 1) gave a comprehensive review of the early studies in this area in 1993. Significant progress has since been made, partially driven by the needs in research but mainly as a result of the rapid development of computer and computational technologies. This paper reviews these developments, covering the formulation, validation and application of mathematical models for gas-solid, gas-liquid, gas-powder and multiphase flows. The need for further developments is also discussed.KEY WORDS: ironmaking; blast furnace; multiphase flow; two fluid model; discrete element method. Review development. Mathematical ModellingGenerally speaking, the existing approaches to modelling the multiphase flow in a BF can be classified into two categories: continuum approach at a macroscopic level and discrete approach at a microscopic level. In the continuum approach, phases are generally considered as fully interpenetrating continuum media and described by separate conservation equations with appropriate constitutive relations and interaction terms representing the coupling between phases. The general governing equations are based on the so-called two fluid model (TFM), originally developed for gas-particle flow, [29][30][31] given by:Conservation The so-called Model A and Model B result from the treatment of the fluid pressure. For example, for gas-solid flow, Model A assumes the pressure is shared between the two phases, while in Model B, the pressure is attributed to gas phase only. 31) Model A formulation has been widely used in multiphase modelling, especially in process metallurgy. Model B formulation was recently used in the so called combined continuum and discrete method for coupled flow of continuum fluid and discrete particles. 32) The continuum approach is suitable for process modelling and applied research because of its computational convenience and efficiency. Indeed, most of the BF modelling is based on this approach. However, its effective use heavily depends on constitutive or closure relations and the momentum exchange between phases. For Newtonian fluids (gas and liquid here), these relations can be readily determined. For non-Newtonian fluids such as solids and powder, general theories are not yet available. In the past, various theories have been devised for different flow regimes (three flow regimes have been identified: quasi-static regime, rapid flow regime and a transitional regime that lies inbetween). For example, models have been proposed to derive the constitutive equations for the rate-independent deformation of granular materials based on either the plasticity theory or the double shearing theory; the rapid flow of granular materials has been described by extend...

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“…Some early experimental studies on the flow behavior of gas and liquid through a packed bed of particles gave some preliminary principles applicable to the dripping zone of a blast furnace. [6][7][8][9][10] According to these experiments, the distribution of the liquid flow is highly affected by the gas flow insofar as the gas flow tended to displace the liquid phase at the vicinity of its entrance where the dry zone was constructed. They also concluded that the size of dry zone increases by increasing the gas flow rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Investigation on the Capability of eXtended Discrete Element Method for Treating the Dripping Zone of a Blast Furnace

Baniasadi

Peters

2018

ISIJ Int.

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The role of molten iron and slag in the dripping zone of a blast furnace is very critical to reach a stable operational condition. The existence of several fluid phases and solid particles in the dripping zone of a blast furnace, makes the newly developed eXteneded Discrete Element Method (XDEM) as an EulerianLagrangian approach, suitable to resolve the dripping zone of a blast furnace. In the proposed model, the fluid phases are treated by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) while the solid particles are solved by Discrete Element Method (DEM). These two methods are coupled via momentum, heat and mass exchanges. The main focus of current study is to investigate the influence of packed properties such as porosity and particle diameters, calculated by the XDEM, on the fluid phases for isothermal. In order to present the capability of the XDEM for this application. The validity of the proposed model is demonstrated by comparing model prediction results with the available experimental data.

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Experiments and Simulation of the Liquid Flow in the Dropping Zone of a Blast Furnace.

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Simulation of Gas-Liquid Flow in Dripping Zone of Blast Furnace Involving Impermeable Fused Layers.

Simulation of Gas-Liquid Flow in Dripping Zone of Blast Furnace Involving Impermeable Fused Layers.

Modelling of Multiphase Flow in a Blast Furnace: Recent Developments and Future Work

Preliminary Investigation on the Capability of eXtended Discrete Element Method for Treating the Dripping Zone of a Blast Furnace

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