Experimentally disentangling what's beneficial about elderspeak from what's not.

Kemper, Susan; Harden, Tamara

doi:10.1037//0882-7974.14.4.656

Cited by 27 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The effect of compressed speech (faster speech rate) and expanded speech (slower speech rate) on intelligibility is highly variable. Compressed speech and expanded speech have both been found to increase [ 8 , 11 ] and decrease [ 9 , 10 , 12 ] individual’s speech intelligibility and in some cases to cause no effect [ 13 ]. Time-compressed and -expanded speech both cause distortion in the acoustic signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous speech with pauses inserted between words increases cortical tracking of speech envelope

Deoisres,

Lu,

Vanheusden

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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The decoding multivariate Temporal Response Function (decoder) or speech envelope reconstruction approach is a well-known tool for assessing the cortical tracking of speech envelope. It is used to analyse the correlation between the speech stimulus and the neural response. It is known that auditory late responses are enhanced with longer gaps between stimuli, but it is not clear if this applies to the decoder, and whether the addition of gaps/pauses in continuous speech could be used to increase the envelope reconstruction accuracy. We investigated this in normal hearing participants who listened to continuous speech with no added pauses (natural speech), and then with short (250 ms) or long (500 ms) silent pauses inserted between each word. The total duration for continuous speech stimulus with no, short, and long pauses were approximately, 10 minutes, 16 minutes, and 21 minutes, respectively. EEG and speech envelope were simultaneously acquired and then filtered into delta (1–4 Hz) and theta (4–8 Hz) frequency bands. In addition to analysing responses to the whole speech envelope, speech envelope was also segmented to focus response analysis on onset and non-onset regions of speech separately. Our results show that continuous speech with additional pauses inserted between words significantly increases the speech envelope reconstruction correlations compared to using natural speech, in both the delta and theta frequency bands. It also appears that these increase in speech envelope reconstruction are dominated by the onset regions in the speech envelope. Introducing pauses in speech stimuli has potential clinical benefit for increasing auditory evoked response detectability, though with the disadvantage of speech sounding less natural. The strong effect of pauses and onsets on the decoder should be considered when comparing results from different speech corpora. Whether the increased cortical response, when longer pauses are introduced, reflect improved intelligibility requires further investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous speech with pauses inserted between words increases cortical tracking of speech envelope

Deoisres,

Lu,

Vanheusden

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[ 39 ] However, more recent studies concluded that 'elderspeak' was non-beneficial, as it was patronising, stereotyping, prejudiced and discriminating. [ 40 41 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of non-pharmacological interventions in the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia

Hussin

Karuppannan

Gopalan

et al. 2021

Singapore Medical Journal

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Introduction: Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are considered as integral parts of dementia. Whilst pharmacotherapy is reserved for severe symptoms of BPSD, the associated adverse effects can be detrimental. Therefore, non-pharmacological intervention is recommended to be the frontline in the management of BPSD. This study aimed to explore the non-pharmacological approaches for the management of BPSD including the strategies and barriers of implementing them in secondary care facilities in Malaysia. Methods: A qualitative study design was employed. Data were collected through observations and semi-structured interviews of twelve caregivers and eleven people with dementia (PWD) at seven secondary care facilities. Observations were written in the field notes and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. All data were subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Some personalised non-pharmacological interventions such as physical exercise, music therapy, reminiscence therapy, and pet therapy were conducted in several nursing care centres. Collaborative care between care providers and family members was found to be an important facilitating factor. Hence, lack of family support led to additional workload, which were beyond the job scope of the care providers. Other barriers identified for non-pharmacological interventions were cultural and language differences between care providers and PWD, inadequate staff numbers and training, as well as time constraints. Conclusion: Although non-pharmacological approaches have been conducted to some extent in Malaysia, continuous education and training for the healthcare providers as well as the family members of PWD are needed to overcome the challenges with regards to their successful implementation.

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Communication behavior of cognitively impaired older inpatients

et al. 2019

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Background and objectiveAcutely ill older patients with cognitive impairment represent a major subgroup in acute care hospitals. In this context, communication plays a crucial role for patients’ well-being, healthcare decisions, and medical outcomes. As validated measures are lacking, we tested the psychometric properties of an observational instrument to assess Communication Behavior in Dementia (CODEM) in the acute care hospital setting. As a novel feature, we were also able to incorporate linguistic and social-contextual measures.Material and methodsData were drawn from a cross-sectional mixed methods study that focused on the occurrence of elderspeak during care interactions in two German acute care hospitals. A total of 43 acutely ill older patients with severe cognitive impairment (CI group, Mage ± SD = 83.6 ± 5.7 years) and 50 without cognitive impairment (CU group, Mage ± SD = 82.1 ± 6.3 years) were observed by trained research assistants during a standardized interview situation and rated afterwards by use of CODEM.ResultsFactor analysis supported the expected two-factor solution for the CI group, i.e., a verbal content and a nonverbal relationship aspect. Findings of the current study indicated sound psychometric properties of the CODEM instrument including internal consistency, convergent, divergent, and criterion validity.ConclusionCODEM represents a reliable and valid tool to examine the communication behavior of older patients with CI in the acute care hospital setting. Thus, CODEM might serve as an important instrument for researcher and healthcare professionals to describe and improve communication patterns in this environment.

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Experimentally disentangling what's beneficial about elderspeak from what's not.

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Continuous speech with pauses inserted between words increases cortical tracking of speech envelope

Continuous speech with pauses inserted between words increases cortical tracking of speech envelope

Exploration of non-pharmacological interventions in the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia

Communication behavior of cognitively impaired older inpatients

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