Experimental transmission of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever from sheep to Japanese deer (Cervus nippon) and cattle

Imai, Kunitoshi; Nishimori, Tomoko; Horino, Rieko; Kawashima, Kenji; Murata, Hideo; Tsunemitsu, Hiroshi; Saito, T; Katsuragi, Kiyohito; Yaegashi, Gakuji

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00377-1

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Susceptible ruminant species have been considered dead-end hosts for MCFVs. 7,11,14,15,18,24,27,34,35 This assumption was based primarily on experiments with ARHV-1, in which no cell-free virus was demonstrable in cattle with wildebeest-associated MCF, and to a lesser extent on field observations. 3,34 However, multiple recent occurrences of MCF in OvHV-2-infected bison with no apparent direct or indirect contact with sheep prompted us to reexamine the question of whether infected cattle and bison can transmit OvHV-2 to other members of their own species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant Catarrhal Fever in a Bison (Bison Bison) Feedlot, 1993–2000

O’Toole¹,

Sourk³

et al. 2002

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract.A fatal enteric syndrome was identified in American bison (Bison bison) at a large feedlot in the American Midwest in early 1998. An estimated 150 bison died of the syndrome between January 1998 and December 1999. The syndrome was identified as malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), primarily the alimentary form. Clinical onset was acute, and most affected bison died within 1-3 days; none recovered. Consistent lesions were hemorrhagic cystitis, ulcerative enterotyphlocolitis, and arteritis-phlebitis. Vasculitis was milder and more localized than that in cattle with MCF, and in contrast to the situation in cattle, lymphadenomegaly was minimal. Virtually all affected bison examined were positive for ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. A retrospective study of archived tissues established that MCF occurred in the yard as early as 1993. A prospective study was undertaken to establish the importance of MCF relative to other fatal diseases at the feedlot. The fate of a group of 300 healthy male bison in a consignment of 1,101 animals was followed for up to 7 months to slaughter. At entry, 23% (71/300) of bison were seropositive for MCF viruses, and 11% (8/71) of these seropositive bison were PCR positive for OvHV-2. Forty seronegative bison were selected at random from the group, and all were PCR negative for OvHV-2. There was no change in seroprevalence in the group during the investigation. The minimum infection rate for MCF virus was 36.3% (93/256). Twenty-two (7.3%) of the 300 bison in the feedlot died. Of these, 15 had MCF, 4 had acute or chronic pneumonia, and 3 were unexamined. Losses in the entire consignment were higher (98/1,101; 8.8% death loss); 76% of deaths were attributable to MCF. The study failed to reveal a relationship between subclinical infection and development of clinical disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant Catarrhal Fever in a Bison (Bison Bison) Feedlot, 1993–2000

O’Toole¹,

Sourk³

et al. 2002

J VET Diagn Invest

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“…However, it is possible that a specificity problem (between AlHV-1 and OvHV-2) may have accounted for the high number of cattle testing PCR-positive. Malignant catarrhal fever in deer and exotic ruminants is frequently reported outside of Europe (Blake et al, 1990;Li et al, 2000;Imai et al, 2001). European red deer are susceptible to experimental infection with MCF (Oliver et al, 1983), and AlHV-1 specific sequences have been amplified from experimentally infected red deer by PCR (Tham et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR Detection of Bovine Herpesviruses From Nonbovine Ruminants in Hungary

Dóra

Erdei

2005

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test six different nonbovine ruminant species for five bovine herpesviruses including infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (BoHV-1), bovine herpes mammillitis virus (BoHV-2), Movar-type herpesvirus (BoHV-4), bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5), and alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1). Species tested included 56 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 66 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 20 fallow deer (Dama dama), 16 mouflon (Ovis musimon), 34 domestic sheep, and 44 domestic goats, which were sampled in Hungary in 2003. Tracheal and popliteal lymph nodes collected from these animals were tested for the presence of the five bovine herpesviruses using three nested (two of which were duplex) PCR assays. Three bovine herpesviruses (BoHV-1, -2, and -4) were detected, whereas no evidence of AlHV-1 or BoHV-5 was observed. Prevalence of BoHV-1 ranged from 12% to 47%, and PCR-positive results were observed in all species tested. BoHV-2 was detected from roe deer, red deer, fallow deer, mouflon, and domestic sheep, and the prevalence in these species ranged from 3% to 50%. BoHV-4 was detected in all species, with prevalence ranging from 12% to 69%. Sequenced PCR products were 99-100% identical to bovine herpesviral sequences deposited in the GenBank.

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“…Sheep are the original host of OvHV-2, but the infection may naturally be transmitted to goats, cattle, bison, deer, and pigs [1,3,5,12,36,43,44,52,56,72]. The sheep and goats remain healthy upon infection with OvHV-2, whereas the other susceptible hosts succumb to MCF.…”

Section: Host Range Of Ovhv-2mentioning

confidence: 99%