Experimental Tests of DC SFCL Under Low Impedance and High Impedance Fault Conditions

Abstract

DC system protection is more challenging than that for AC system due to the rapid rate of rise of the fault current and absence of natural current zero-crossing in DC systems. Superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) in DC systems is a promising technology to reduce the fault current level and the rate of rise of the fault current, and also SFCLs have no resistance during normal operation. In this paper, the behaviors of an SFCL coil are investigated under both low impedance and high impedance fault conditions in DC systems. In the low impedance fault condition system, the SFCL coil performs effective limitation of the fault current level under different prospective fault current levels. The application of SFCLs with limited inductance in the DC system can be a potential solution to effectively suppress the fault current under low impedance short-circuit faults. The SFCL coil under the high impedance fault condition can only limit the prospective fault current when it is much higher than the critical current of the coil.

The TRV Improvement of Fast Circuit Breakers Using Solid-State Series Superconducting Reactor

“…In Fig. 7, the TRV of FCB is shown when a fault occurs at 0.43 s. This figure shows that the magnitude of the TRV of FCB reaches 1.2 p.u., while the TRV time constant is limited to 20 ms which is in fair agreement with the Napierian (8), which proves to be an effective reduction of FCB operation delay. The obtained results show that the TRV frequency is effectively limited to 400 Hz in agreement with the first section of (5), and its RRRV is decreased to 0.065 kV/us, which is calculated by (6).…”

“…recommended for such an application and present a promising new element of cryo-electrification for future modern power networks [8]- [11]. Among diverse types of SFCLs, an inductive SFCL limits the fault current by inserting a large inductance in faulty lines [12]- [13], whilst in the normal steady state, its inductance is exceptionally low [14]- [16].…”

Superconducting Surge Current Limiter

“…High-voltage limiters are described in articles [18,23,27]. The articles [22,27] present the limiter operating in the DC system. Current limiting in a DC system is not a problem.…”

“…As seen in the References, publications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] are used in this article. I included another ten new publications from 2021 [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] (selected out of many publications), which shows that the topic of SFCL is still relevant and many people around the World are researching it.…”

DC Electro-Magneto-Mechanical Characterization of 2G HTS Tapes for Superconducting Cable in Magnet System Using Artificial Neural Networks

“…UPERCONDUCTING technology is generally very promising for being used for applications in power systems, aviation industry, and healthcare sector in devices such as magnetic resonance imaging/nuclear magnetic resonance magnets [1]- [5], High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) cables [6]- [8], superconducting machines [9], [10], superconducting fault current limiters [11], [12], superconducting magnetic energy storage units [13], [14], and HTS transformers [15], [16]. In superconducting magnets, as one of the most successfully commercialised applications of superconductors, low temperature superconducting wires and This manuscript was received 04 May 2022, revised 10 July 2022, accepted 22 July 2022.…”