Experimental test of general relativity using time-delay data from Mariner 6 and Mariner 7

Anderson, J. D.; Esposito, Pasquale; Martin, W. L.; Thornton, C. L.; Muhleman, D. O.

doi:10.1086/153779

Cited by 84 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…It is therefore necessary to "electronically freeze" the range delay long enough to permit an integration to be performed. The result represents the range at the moment of freezing [28,29].…”

Section: The Galileo Missionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11

et al. 2002

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Our previous analyses of radio Doppler and ranging data from distant spacecraft in the solar system indicated that an apparent anomalous acceleration is acting on Pioneer 10 and 11, with a magnitude aP ∼ 8 × 10 −8 cm/s 2 , directed towards the Sun. Much effort has been expended looking for possible systematic origins of the residuals, but none has been found. A detailed investigation of effects both external to and internal to the spacecraft, as well as those due to modeling and computational techniques, is provided. We also discuss the methods, theoretical models, and experimental techniques used to detect and study small forces acting on interplanetary spacecraft. These include the methods of radio Doppler data collection, data editing, and data reduction.There is now further data for the Pioneer 10 orbit determination.

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Section: The Galileo Missionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cross correlating the returned phase modulated signal with a ground duplicate yields the time delay. (See [28] and references therein.) As the range code is repeated over and over, an ambiguity can exist.…”

Section: Range Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11

et al. 2002

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“…which is the correction proposed by Anderson et al (1975) (in fact, the equation as written in Anderson et al (1975) depends on two PPN parameters β and γ, which are equal to unity in the GRT case) and used by most papers that consider relativistic corrections (Quinn et al, 1991;Shahid-Saless & Yeomans, 1994;Varadi et al, 2003). This algorithm, although less exact than Eq.…”

Section: The Post-newtonian Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relativistic factor in the orbital dynamics of point masses

Benitez

Gallardo

2008

Celest Mech Dyn Astr

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There is a growing population of relativistically relevant minor bodies in the Solar System and a growing population of massive extrasolar planets with orbits very close to the central star where relativistic effects should have some signature. Our purpose is to review how general relativity affects the orbital dynamics of the planetary systems and to define a suitable relativistic correction for Solar System orbital studies when only point masses are considered. Using relativistic formulae for the N body problem suited for a planetary system given in the literature we present a series of numerical orbital integrations designed to test the relevance of the effects due to the general theory of relativity in the case of our Solar System. Comparison between different algorithms for accounting for the relativistic corrections are performed. Relativistic effects generated by the Sun or by the central star are the most relevant ones and produce evident modifications in the secular dynamics of the inner Solar System. The Kozai mechanism, for example, is modified due to the relativistic effects on the argument of the perihelion. Relativistic effects generated by planets instead are of very low relevance but detectable in numerical simulations.

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“…NASA sent a dual mission of Mariner 6 and 7 and the echoes were received with the 64 m telescope at Goldstone where the accuracy of the ranging system was rated as 1 x 10 -7 s. The respective data were total time for round trip: 44.72, 42.87 min; distance of beam from centre of Sun: 3.58, 5.90 solar radii; angle Sun-Earth-spacecraft: 0°.95, 1°.56; approximate time delay: 2.0 x 10 -4 , 1.8 x 10 -4 s; γ 1.003 ± 0.04, 1.000 ± 0.012. The combined figure for γ was given as 1.00 ± 0.03 (Anderson et al, 1975). This 3% uncertainty was lowered to 2% for Mariner 9 in orbit of Mars in 1971 (Reasenberg, op.…”

Section: Time Dilationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Recent astronomical tests of general relativity

Treschman¹

2015

Int. J. Phys. Sci.

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Experimental test of general relativity using time-delay data from Mariner 6 and Mariner 7

Cited by 84 publications

References 0 publications

Study of the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11

Study of the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11

The relativistic factor in the orbital dynamics of point masses

Recent astronomical tests of general relativity

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