Experimental study on unregulated emission characteristics of a two-wheeler with ethanol-gasoline blends (E0 to E50)

Sakthivel, Pachagounder; Subramanian, K.A.; Mathai, Reji

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116504

Cited by 43 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For instance, Deng et al [49] observed in a four-cylinder spark ignition engine operated at different engine speeds that increasing ethanol concentration in a blend with gasoline lead to lower CO emissions than pure gasoline. Sakthivel et al [50] also reported a decrease in the CO emissions with increasing ethanol content as compared to pure gasoline using a single-cylinder spark-ignition engine. Another parameter that can provide some useful information about combustion efficiency is the amount of hydrocarbons (HC) emitted.…”

Section: Exhaust Gaseous Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Application of Upgraded Drop-In Fuel Obtained from Biomass Pyrolysis in a Spark Ignition Engine

et al. 2020

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This paper reports the performance of a spark ignition engine using gasoline blended with an upgraded bio-oil rich in aromatics and ethanol. This upgraded bio-oil was obtained using a two-step catalytic process. The first step comprised an in-situ catalytic pyrolysis process with CaO in order to obtain a more stable deoxygenated organic fraction, while the second consisted of a catalytic cracking of the vapours released using ZSM-5 zeolites to obtain an aromatics-rich fraction. To facilitate the mixture between bio-oil and gasoline, ethanol was added. The behaviour of a stationary spark ignition engine G12TFH (9600 W) was described in terms of fuel consumption and electrical efficiency. In addition, gaseous emissions and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations were determined. Trial tests suggested that it is possible to work with a blend of gasoline, ethanol and bio-oil (90/8/2 vol%, herein named G90E8B2) showing similar fuel consumption than pure gasoline (G100) at the same load. Moreover, combustion could be considered more efficient when small quantities of ethanol and organic bio-oil are simultaneously added. A reduction, not only in the PAH concentrations but also in the carcinogenic equivalent concentrations, was also obtained, decreasing the environmental impact of the exhaust gases. Thus, results show that it is technically feasible to use low blends of aroma-rich bio-oil, ethanol and gasoline in conventional spark ignition engines.

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Section: Exhaust Gaseous Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Application of Upgraded Drop-In Fuel Obtained from Biomass Pyrolysis in a Spark Ignition Engine

et al. 2020

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“…Especially with the E10 pilot fuel, it is seen that a significant improvement in engine power has been achieved. It is possible to express this situation with the increase in octane number of pilot fuel [28]. Because with the increase in octane number, the first stage of ignition approaches the moment LPG is taken into the cylinder.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Engine Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of liquefed petroleum gas use in a turbocharged stratified injection engine using ethanol/gasoline as pilot fuel

2021

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The production of engines using Turbocharged Stratified Injection (TSI) technology has increased rapidly in recent years. In addition, the use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which is an environmental and economical fuel, is increasing in vehicles. While LPG cannot be used in TSI engines before, LPG kits have become applicable to these types of engines with the development of technology. TSI is used to provide the first ignition of liquid fuel in engines. Therefore, liquid fuel is sprayed from the injector and then added onto LPG to burn LPG. Thus, unlike other systems, LPG in use with the increase in efficiency is also provided. Alcohols (ethanol, methanol, butanol etc.) biomass fuels are alternative fuel characteristics. There are many studies on the use of alcohols in internal combustion engines. What distinguishes this study is that TSI is used as a pilot fuel to burn LPG in an engine. In the study, a vehicle with a TSI motor equipped with prins LPG system was used. For this purpose, the effects of 5% (E5), 10% (E10) and 20% (E20) ethanol addition on engine power, engine torque and exhaust emissions were investigated. The vehicle experiments were carried out by increasing the engine speed from 500 rpm to 5500 rpm in the chassis dynamometer. The findings showed that with E10+LPG fuel, there is an increase in engine power and engine torque. There is also a reduction in all CO, CO2 and HC emissions.

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“…Dual injection can also change the renewable fuel and gasoline blending ratio in real time according to the operating condition. Experiments showed that different biofuel-gasoline blending ratios were needed to achieve an optimal engine performance under different operating conditions [43,[98][99][100][101][102]. The supply of renewables is limited and can only partially substitute gasoline fuel.…”

Section: Control Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual injection: An effective and efficient technology to use renewable fuels in spark ignition engines

Huang

Surawski

Zhuang

et al. 2021

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Modern spark ignition engines mostly use one injection system to deliver gasoline into the combustion chamber, using either direct injection or port fuel injection. Both technologies have their respective advantages. To integrate their advantages and to promote the use of renewable fuels, dual injection engines are in development in recent years. Dual injection represents an advanced combustion system and is a novel technology to address the urgent issues of sustainability and environmental protection. This study reviews the state-of-the-art research on dual injection spark ignition engines with a focus on renewable fuels, their advantages and engine performance. The main advantages of dual injection include greater control flexibility, enhanced cooling effect, knock mitigation, engine downsizing, extended lean-burn limits, higher thermal efficiency and reductions of several emission species. The most promising renewable fuels for dual injection are ethanol, methanol and hydrogen. Each renewable fuel is aimed at different advantages of dual injection.Alcohol-gasoline dual injection provides great anti-knock ability by taking advantage of alcohols' large enthalpies of vaporisation and high octane numbers, while hydrogen-gasoline dual injection provides extended lean-burn limits by taking advantage of hydrogen's low ignition energy, wide flammability limit and high flame speed. Direct injection of renewable fuels is the optimal injection strategy because it effectively utilises the strong cooling effect of alcohols or avoids the volumetric efficiency reduction and preignition of hydrogen. Dual injection generally demonstrates higher thermal efficiency than single injection.In addition, dual injection effectively reduces particulate emissions while there are usually trade-offs among gaseous emissions.

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Experimental study on unregulated emission characteristics of a two-wheeler with ethanol-gasoline blends (E0 to E50)

Cited by 43 publications

References 11 publications

Application of Upgraded Drop-In Fuel Obtained from Biomass Pyrolysis in a Spark Ignition Engine

Application of Upgraded Drop-In Fuel Obtained from Biomass Pyrolysis in a Spark Ignition Engine

Effects of liquefed petroleum gas use in a turbocharged stratified injection engine using ethanol/gasoline as pilot fuel

Dual injection: An effective and efficient technology to use renewable fuels in spark ignition engines

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