Experimental study on the longitudinal evolution of the overtopping breaching of noncohesive landslide dams

Zhu, Xinghua; Liu, Bangxiao; Peng, Jianbing; Zhang, Zhifeng; Zhuang, Jian; Wei-liang, Huang; Leng, Yanqiu; Duan, Zhao

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106137

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In order to further investigate breach mechanisms, a series of model tests have been conducted on landslide dam breach processes considering different influencing factors. There are five main categories of influencing factors: landslide dam morphology [i.e., downstream slope angle (Gregoretti et al, 2010;Jiang and Wei, 2020;Zhu et al, 2021), and dam height (Walder et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2021)], physical and mechanical indexes of dam material [i.e., grain size distribution (Cao et al, 2011a;Zhu et al, 2020), initial soil moisture (Chen S. C. et al, 2015;Jiang and Wei, 2019), soil hydraulic conductivity (Chen S. C. et al, 2015;Jiang et al, 2018), and soil compactness (Chen S. C. et al, 2015)], hydrodynamic conditions of dammed lake [i.e., river channel bed gradient (Jiang and Wei, 2019;TABLE 4 (Continued) Model tests of factors influencing landslide dam breach processes.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Landslide Dam Breach Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frontiers in Earth Science frontiersin.org Zhu et al, 2021), and inflow rate (Cao et al, 2011a;Chen S. C. et al, 2015;Jiang et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2019)], initial spillway [i.e., with or without (Cao et al, 2011a), shape (Zhao et al, 2018), and location (Li D. Y. et al, 2021)], and surge waves [i.e., heights of surge waves above dam crest (Peng et al, 2019;Peng et al, 2021)]. By analyzing breach morphologies and hydrographs, useful information about breach mechanisms has been acquired.…”

Section: No Influencing Factors Investigators No Of Model Tests Concl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…flow increased almost linearly as a function of the dam heightZhu et al (2021) 12The dam height directly determined whether an accumulation body can be formed on the middle or lower parts of the downstream face 3 Grain size distributionCao et al (2011a) 28 Cohesive clay may act to mitigate the seepage through the dam and modulate the dam breach process. Gravels in the dam may appreciably depress the rate of the erosion process and thus modify the floodZhu et al (2020) 11The breach hydrographs were variable for different grain size distributions of the dam materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Review on risk assessments of dammed lakes

Zhong

Wang²,

Shan³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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As one type of natural disaster, dammed lakes pose a serious threat to the safety of lives and properties downstream. Scientific risk assessments of dammed lakes are key for pre-disaster prevention and post-disaster rescue. However, due to the lack of basic information and uncertainty surrounding materials and loads, risk assessments of dammed lakes are more complex than those of artificial reservoir dams, and comprehensive assessment methods are lacking. Based on the evolution of dammed lake hazard chains, starting with the concept of a dammed lake risk assessment, this paper focused on six aspects: worldwide dammed lake databases, hazard assessments for landslide dams, breach mechanisms and breach processes, flood routing after landslide dam breaching, loss assessments, and risk mitigation measures. A comprehensive review was conducted on the qualitative and quantitative risk assessment methods around the world, as well as future outlooks.

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Section: Factors Influencing the Landslide Dam Breach Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: No Influencing Factors Investigators No Of Model Tests Concl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on risk assessments of dammed lakes

Zhong

Wang²,

Shan³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Until recently, numerous model tests on landslide dam breaching have been conducted, such as small-scale flume model tests (Yang et al, 2015;Zhou et al, 2019;Zhu et al, 2021), large-scale field model tests (Li et al, 2021;Takayama et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2021), centrifugal model tests (Zhao et al, 2019), and in-situ measurements (Liu et al, 2010;Cai et al, 2020). Although different classification techniques existed in the division of the landslide dam breach process, the outburst process as a whole can be divided into three stages: initiation, acceleration, and stabilization.…”

Section: Breach Mechanisms and Processes Of Overtopping-induced Lands...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Spillway Section Morphologies on Landslide Dam Breaching

et al. 2021

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Spillway excavation is often adopted as a precautionary engineering measure for disaster mitigation before landslide dam breaching. Based on the landslide dam breach mechanisms, this paper focuses on developing a numerical model to comprehensively discuss the issue based on three documented landslide dam failures, such as Tangjiashan, Xiaogangjian, and Baige landslide dams. The spillway cross section morphologies were modeled with different sizes under common shape (i.e., an inverted trapezoid) and slope conditions. The influence of cross section on dam breach processes was analyzed under conditions of different depth, bottom width, slope ratio in the cross and longitudinal sections, with/without spillway. The following conclusions can be drawn: 1) excavation of a spillway can effectively reduce the peak breach flow, therefore delay the time to peak; 2) the peak breach flow dramatically decreases and the time to peak delays as the spillway depth increases; 3) the peak breach flow changes little and the time to peak occurs earlier with the increment in spillway bottom width; 4) the peak breach flow decreases and the time to peak delays with the decrease of slope ratio in cross section in the spillway; 5) the slope ratio in the longitudinal section has little influence on the breach process. Hence, if conditions permit, the spillway with large spillway depth, small bottom width, and gentle slope ratio in the cross section is the preferable section morphology for the emergency disposal of the landslide dam.

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“…Many researchers use small indoor flumes to perform tests for landslide dam breaches [25][26][27][28]. Most of the tests explored the erosion of the dam body, including the effects of different flume slopes, dam geometry, and material properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Dam Failure Induced Seismic Signals Using Laboratory Tests and on Breach Morphology due to Overtopping by Modeling

Hung

Tseng

Chen

et al. 2021

Water

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Dam models were constructed in an indoor flume to test dam breach failure processes to study the seismic signals induced. A simple dam breach model was also proposed to estimate hydrographs for dam breach floods. The test results showed that when the retrogressive erosion due to seepage of the dam continues, it will eventually reach the crest at the upstream side of the dam, and then trigger overtopping and breaching. The seismic signals corresponding to the failure events during retrogressive erosion and overtopping of the dam models were evaluated. Characteristics of the seismic signals were analyzed by Hilbert–Huang transform. Based on the characteristics of the seismic signals, we found four types of mass movement during the retrogressive erosion process, i.e., the single, intermittent, and successive slides and fall. There were precursor seismic signals found caused by cracking immediately before the sliding events of the dam. Furthermore, the dam breach modeling results coincided well with the test results and the field observations. From the test and modeling results, we confirmed that the overtopping discharge and the lateral sliding masses of the dam are also among the important factors influencing the evolution of the breach. In addition, the widening rate of the breach decreases with decreased discharge. The proposed dam breach model can be a useful tool for dam breach warning and hazard reduction.

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Experimental study on the longitudinal evolution of the overtopping breaching of noncohesive landslide dams

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Review on risk assessments of dammed lakes

Review on risk assessments of dammed lakes

Influences of Spillway Section Morphologies on Landslide Dam Breaching

On Dam Failure Induced Seismic Signals Using Laboratory Tests and on Breach Morphology due to Overtopping by Modeling

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