Experimental study on the determination of strength of masonry walls

Corradi, Marco; Borri, Antonio; Vignoli, Andrea

doi:10.1016/s0950-0618(03)00007-2

Cited by 155 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…(1996) noted that structural masonry assessment practice should be evaluated by testing, and 34 because the construction of exact replicas of historic unreinforced masonry bearing walls is 35 impractical, in-situ testing is frequently the most viable experimental option. Despite this notion, 36 in-situ out-of-plane tests on full-scale URM walls have not commonly been conducted, and most 37 available literature reports experimental programs that consist of in-situ testing for material 38 characteristics (Corradi et al 2003;Chiostrini et al 2003) or non-destructive testing of masonry 39 structures or sub-assemblies (Lopes et al 2009; Carpinteri et al 2005). A third approach thatretains the existing masonry materials and construction quality but disrupts the support 41 conditions and existing stress states has been to extract masonry wall panels and transport them 42 to testing facilities (Abrams et al 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Out-of-Plane Testing of As-Built and Retrofitted Unreinforced Masonry Walls

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Draft ManuscriptAuthors may post the final draft of their work on open, unrestricted Internet sites or deposit it in an institutional repository when the draft contains a link to the bibliographic record of the published version in the ASCE Library or Civil Engineering Database. "Final draft" means the version submitted to ASCE after peer review and prior to copyediting or other ASCE production activities; it does not include the copyedited version, the page proof, or a PDF of the published version. varied from 80 to 130 years, and all but one were constructed using clay brick masonry with 6 timber floor and roof diaphragms. The fourth building was a reinforced concrete frame structure 7 with pre-cracked clay block partition walls in addition to partition walls that appeared 8 undamaged. The test program was comprised of testing five one-way vertically spanning solid 9 URM walls from the group of three URM buildings and testing four two-way spanning URM 10 partition walls from the reinforced concrete frame building. All walls were tested with their 11 original support conditions, but three one-way spanning walls were additionally re-tested with 12 modified support conditions. These additional tests allowed the effects of wall support type to be 13 investigated, including the influence of a concrete ring beam used at the floor levels and the 14 influence of wall to timber diaphragm anchorage by means of grouted steel rods. Several walls 15 were next retrofitted by adding either near-surface mounted (NSM) carbon fiber reinforced 16 polymer (FRP) strips or NSM twisted steel bars (TSB), and were then re-tested.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Out-of-Plane Testing of As-Built and Retrofitted Unreinforced Masonry Walls

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other extreme, Ali et al (2012) have tested several wallettes made of bricks and mortars (typical for Pakistan). Corradi et al (2003Corradi et al ( , 2008 have measured similar values of shear strength. Similar (low) values were measured in laboratory on wallettes made of three-leaf stone masonry to diagonal compression by Vintzileou and Tassios (1995)À0.15 MPa, as well as by Vintzileou and Miltiadou (2008)À0.10 MPa.…”

Section: Masonry Elements Subjected To In-plane Shearmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Actually, several researchers have conducted tests on masonry walls under monotonic or cyclic shear (see i.a. Chiostrini et al 2000;Corradi et al 2003Corradi et al , 2008Vasconcelos and Lourenco 2006;Costa et al 2012a, b, c;Capozucca 2011;Silva et al 2014).…”

Section: Masonry Elements Subjected To In-plane Shearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Historic Masonry Elements and/or Building Models

Vintzileou

2014

Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper provides an overview of the Literature on the behaviour of historic masonry elements and building models. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main parameters affecting the seismic behaviour of historic masonry buildings, as illustrated through the experimental campaigns carried out by numerous researchers. Furthermore, aspects of the seismic behaviour that are not sufficiently studied to-date are identified. Thus, selected publications are evaluated related to the behaviour of historic masonry elements in compression, in diagonal compression, in in-plane shear and simultaneous compression, out-of-plane bending, as well as publications related to the behaviour of subassemblies and building models subjected to monotonic, pseudo-dynamic or dynamic tests on earthquake simulator. The available experimental results illustrate the main weaknesses of historic masonry elements and bearing systems, namely the vulnerability to in-plane shear and to out-of-plane bending, the limited ductility, the negative effect of the flexibility of timber floors and roofs, etc. On the other hand, the beneficial effect of adequate connection between horizontal and vertical elements, as well as the connection among walls is also evident. Moreover, the variety of the construction types of masonry tested by various researchers, the scale of the models, the variety of experimental setups and loading histories do not allow, in most cases, a direct comparison of the experimental results. This is so especially as far as properties related to the deformations of masonry elements are concerned. Thus, the effort to develop sound physical models and to calibrate them is not yet satisfactorily assisted by the available experimental results. Yet, this is a prerequisite for a reliable assessment of the current state of historic structures and, by way of consequence, for the selection of adequate intervention techniques for their preservation.

show abstract

“…These models have been carried out by taking into account the values of real experimental tests in order to have an approximate idea of whether the numerical calculations are sufficiently approximate or not. Other results of experimental articles have also been contrasted [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRM reinforcement of masonry specimens for seismic areas

Ivorra¹,

Bru²,

Mendoza-Galván³

et al. 2017

Int. J. SAFE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This document analyses the resistant behaviour to diagonal compression and direct compression of brick masonry specimens, reinforced with textile reinforced mortars (TRM) and without them. The numerical models have been calibrated with experimental results in order to have a suitable technique to reinforce masonry historic constructions where extraordinary tension stresses could occur in seismic situations. For the numerical modelling, FEM models have been developed using non-linear layered bi-dimensional shell elements. Moreover, a comparative analysis has been developed between the numerical models and the experimental ones. There are two different types of reinforced specimens: two layers to reinforce both surfaces (i), and one layer for only one surface (ii). The point of this (ii) is to respect the Italian legislation indications for the protection of historic constructions. Keywords: reinforced masonry TRM walls FEM INTRODUCTIONMany residential areas in the historical centres of European Seismic areas have a very high vulnerability due to of their structural system based in masonry or brick masonry walls. These structures have a very low capacity to resist tension or shear stresses. The use of textile reinforced mortar (TRM) as a reinforcing element can provide an additional capacity to solve these structural problems. Mortar cementitious materials as matrix of these reinforcement systems are more compatible with masonry than other polymeric matrices where its use in historical constructions is not permitted by the authorities in charge of protecting these constructions.Brick masonry walls are building systems made up of brick elements joined by mortar with a specific disposition. Due to its configuration, with elements of different properties, their simulation by finite element method becomes a complicated task. Brick and mortar have different strength capacities, and the very different strength behaviour in tension and in compression generates an anisotropic behaviour. Another important factor is the influence of the elastic modulus of both materials. By having different elastic modulus, their strain, for a given stress, will be different and the compatibility equations should solve this interaction. For these reasons, the ultimate load behaviour of brick masonry specimens are very dependent on the direction of the applied load and the plane on which the loads act.Some studies, such as those carried out at the Polytechnic University of Catalonia [1], analyse the out-of-plane behaviour, although the present paper will only focus on the loads acting on the plane of the wall. Masonry structures are especially weak against lateral cyclic loads such as those caused by earthquakes and this work analyses them. The difference of elastic modulus and the differences between the maximum stresses in tension and compression for brick and mortar are the cause of the specimen fault in the weakest areas of the wall. It is necessary to understand that the weakest areas will be the joints between the bricks: the m...

show abstract

Experimental study on the determination of strength of masonry walls

Cited by 155 publications

References 2 publications

In Situ Out-of-Plane Testing of As-Built and Retrofitted Unreinforced Masonry Walls

In Situ Out-of-Plane Testing of As-Built and Retrofitted Unreinforced Masonry Walls

Testing Historic Masonry Elements and/or Building Models

TRM reinforcement of masonry specimens for seismic areas

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About