Experimental study on the combustion properties of four common engineered bamboo and wood composites
Zhaoyan Cui,
Ming Xu,
Siyuan Tang
et al.
Abstract:Engineered bamboo and wood composites are increasingly utilized in construction due to their eco‐friendly, low‐carbon footprint, and superior mechanical properties. To investigate the effect of heat flux and grain direction on the combustion properties of parallel strand bamboo (PSB), laminated veneer bamboo (LVB), cross‐laminated timber (CLT), and laminated veneer lumber (LVL), a total of 54 specimens in 3 groups were tested through a cone calorimeter. Parameters including the ignition time, heat release rate… Show more
“…Glued laminated bamboo (GLB, also called Glubam) is made by gluing strips of bamboo together with the grain direction essentially parallel to each other 1,2 . The advantages of GLB, including low weight, high specific strength, and ease of fabrication and assembly, have promoted its application and development in the construction field 3–8 . The environmental benefits, such as its renewability and low carbon footprint, also make it an attractive structural material 9–11 …”
The benefits of using glued laminated bamboo (GLB) as a structural material are numerous, such as its low weight, high specific strength, and low carbon footprint. However, as a viscoelastic material, GLB materials exhibit creep, which is a significant characteristic that needs to be considered. To ensure the safety and serviceability of structures that utilize GLB, it is essential to accurately estimate the long‐term performance of GLB composites under external forces. This paper reports on an experimental investigation into the creep characteristics of GLB under tensile and compressive loads. The experiments were conducted at various load levels for a period of 500 h under a controlled environmental condition. The Burgers model and the five‐parameter model were used to characterize creep behavior and predict the long‐term deformation by extrapolating beyond the experimental period. The long‐term deformation of the GLB may be overestimated by the Burgers model due to its constant creep rate for the viscous component. In contrast, the five‐parameter model introduces a modification factor that results in a nonlinear viscous component, allowing a more accurate fit and a reasonable deformation estimate.Highlights
Creep characteristics of GLB were studied under tensile and compressive loads.
Burgers and five‐parameter models were used to describe the creep behavior.
Extrapolation of Burgers model overestimates the creep deformation of GLB.
Five‐parameter model provides reasonable deformation estimate for GLB.
“…Glued laminated bamboo (GLB, also called Glubam) is made by gluing strips of bamboo together with the grain direction essentially parallel to each other 1,2 . The advantages of GLB, including low weight, high specific strength, and ease of fabrication and assembly, have promoted its application and development in the construction field 3–8 . The environmental benefits, such as its renewability and low carbon footprint, also make it an attractive structural material 9–11 …”
The benefits of using glued laminated bamboo (GLB) as a structural material are numerous, such as its low weight, high specific strength, and low carbon footprint. However, as a viscoelastic material, GLB materials exhibit creep, which is a significant characteristic that needs to be considered. To ensure the safety and serviceability of structures that utilize GLB, it is essential to accurately estimate the long‐term performance of GLB composites under external forces. This paper reports on an experimental investigation into the creep characteristics of GLB under tensile and compressive loads. The experiments were conducted at various load levels for a period of 500 h under a controlled environmental condition. The Burgers model and the five‐parameter model were used to characterize creep behavior and predict the long‐term deformation by extrapolating beyond the experimental period. The long‐term deformation of the GLB may be overestimated by the Burgers model due to its constant creep rate for the viscous component. In contrast, the five‐parameter model introduces a modification factor that results in a nonlinear viscous component, allowing a more accurate fit and a reasonable deformation estimate.Highlights
Creep characteristics of GLB were studied under tensile and compressive loads.
Burgers and five‐parameter models were used to describe the creep behavior.
Extrapolation of Burgers model overestimates the creep deformation of GLB.
Five‐parameter model provides reasonable deformation estimate for GLB.
To fully utilize Chinese fast-growing timber resources, fast-growing poplar was selected for manufacturing flame-retardant laminated veneer lumber (FRLVL). Firstly, orthogonal experiments were conducted to assess the impact of four factors (hot-pressing time, hot-pressing temperature, retardant concentration, and retardant types) on the mechanical properties and burning behavior of FRLVL. Subsequently, optimal manufacturing parameters were chosen based on statistical analysis. Finally, the fire performance of LVL manufactured with the optimal parameters was evaluated to investigate changes in physical-mechanical properties under high-temperature conditions. Results indicated that the addition of retardants led to a decrease in mechanical properties. In comparison to the control group, LVL composites impregnated with two retardants exhibited a higher limited oxygen index and longer fireproof time, with the effects of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) surpassing those of borax (BX). The optimal manufacturing parameters were a hot-pressing temperature of 140°C, a hot-pressing time of 1.3 min/mm, and concentrations of 15% for both retardant types. As the temperature increased, the mechanical properties of LVL manufactured with the optimal parameters decreased noticeably. However, under the conditions of a temperature of 200°C and a treatment time of 90 min, the mechanical properties of LVL composites still met the LVL-32P grade proposed in LVL handbook.
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