“…This suggests that the larger the dry density of the model, the greater its compressive strength after cyclic freeze-thaw. This is similar to Huaqing Wang's proposal that the denser the internal structure of tailings is, the lower the porosity is, which can improve the compressive strength to a certain extent [34]. When the number of freezing-thawing cycles reached seven, the difference in compressive strength of different dry density specimens decreased slightly.…”
Section: Effect Of Dry Density On the Uniaxial Compressive Strength O...supporting
To study the effects of the number of freezing–thawing cycles (F-T cycles), the dry density, and the average particle diameter on the mechanical properties of tailings, the calibration laws of the fine-scale parameters in the discrete particle element numerical simulation software PFC2D(Particle Flow Code) were first tested, and then pre-experiments were conducted in the form of orthogonal tests. Finally, according to the results of the pre-experiments and the analysis of the pre-experimental results by SPSS (Statistical Product Service Solutions) software, uniaxial tests were carried out for different numbers of freeze–thaw cycles, different dry densities, and different average particle sizes. The tailings specimens were subjected to uniaxial compression simulations. The results showed that (1) the uniaxial compressive strength of the tailings specimens decreased with each freeze–thaw cycle, and stabilized after seven freeze–thaw cycles. (2) With a greater number of freeze–thaw actions, the porosity of the tailings increased after freeze–thawing. The peak of porosity was much higher than that of the models with fewer than seven freeze–thaw actions. (3) The contact number of tailings specimens showed a significant decrease after the number of freeze–thaw cycles reached seven. However, the amount of exposure was not the main factor affecting the strength of tailings (4). As the number of freeze–thaws increased, the tailings model was more prone to stress concentration. Previously, PFC software has been applied to tailings simulation studies, and this study verifies the feasibility of this method. This research is able to offer a reference for studying the mechanical property changes of tailings in the cold highland area.
“…This suggests that the larger the dry density of the model, the greater its compressive strength after cyclic freeze-thaw. This is similar to Huaqing Wang's proposal that the denser the internal structure of tailings is, the lower the porosity is, which can improve the compressive strength to a certain extent [34]. When the number of freezing-thawing cycles reached seven, the difference in compressive strength of different dry density specimens decreased slightly.…”
Section: Effect Of Dry Density On the Uniaxial Compressive Strength O...supporting
To study the effects of the number of freezing–thawing cycles (F-T cycles), the dry density, and the average particle diameter on the mechanical properties of tailings, the calibration laws of the fine-scale parameters in the discrete particle element numerical simulation software PFC2D(Particle Flow Code) were first tested, and then pre-experiments were conducted in the form of orthogonal tests. Finally, according to the results of the pre-experiments and the analysis of the pre-experimental results by SPSS (Statistical Product Service Solutions) software, uniaxial tests were carried out for different numbers of freeze–thaw cycles, different dry densities, and different average particle sizes. The tailings specimens were subjected to uniaxial compression simulations. The results showed that (1) the uniaxial compressive strength of the tailings specimens decreased with each freeze–thaw cycle, and stabilized after seven freeze–thaw cycles. (2) With a greater number of freeze–thaw actions, the porosity of the tailings increased after freeze–thawing. The peak of porosity was much higher than that of the models with fewer than seven freeze–thaw actions. (3) The contact number of tailings specimens showed a significant decrease after the number of freeze–thaw cycles reached seven. However, the amount of exposure was not the main factor affecting the strength of tailings (4). As the number of freeze–thaws increased, the tailings model was more prone to stress concentration. Previously, PFC software has been applied to tailings simulation studies, and this study verifies the feasibility of this method. This research is able to offer a reference for studying the mechanical property changes of tailings in the cold highland area.
“…[15][16][17][18][19] However, inorganic early strength agents oen induced harmful ions, such as Cl À , while organic agents were complex and hard to determine the dosage. 20,21 26 found that the structure of articial nano C-S-H was similar to that of hydrated C-S-H gel, which accelerated the hydration speed of C 3 S. Wang 22 revealed that nano C-S-H in cement enhanced the hydration process in 24 h, then this accelerated effect was declined aer 24 h. The effects of nano C-S-H on the microstructure formation of concrete at early age was important to explain the mechanism of the early high strength. However, the study about these issues is still unclear.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“… 20,21 Some researchers studied nanoparticles, such as nano-SiO 2 , nano-CaCO 3 and nano calcium silicate hydrate [ x CaO·SiO 2 · y (H 2 O), C–S–H], to accelerate the hydration speed and increase the early strength. 22–25 Alizadeh 26 found that the structure of artificial nano C–S–H was similar to that of hydrated C–S–H gel, which accelerated the hydration speed of C 3 S. Wang 22 revealed that nano C–S–H in cement enhanced the hydration process in 24 h, then this accelerated effect was declined after 24 h. The effects of nano C–S–H on the microstructure formation of concrete at early age was important to explain the mechanism of the early high strength. However, the study about these issues is still unclear.…”
“…However, the complexity of the deepwater environment, especially the brittle failure of the cement sheath and the sinking of the wellhead (Ravi et al 2009), has brought huge challenges to the exploration and production of deepwater resources (Lv et al 2021, Tian et al 2022, Zheng (2023). This is because the deep-water and shallow strata are very fragile and mostly composed of loose sandstone structures (Wang et al 2023), which can extend several hundred meters below the mud line, easily reducing the bonding quality between the cementing interface and the well. In addition, the low-temperature environment in deep water seriously affects the hydration of cement slurry, leading to slow development of bonding strength between cement and casing/formation, and easily damaging the cement sheath and creating micro annular gaps in subsequent drilling operations (Wang 2015).…”
To solve the problems of poor cementing quality and weak consolidation performance of deep-water shallow cementing cement, a low-temperature curable polyurethane-modified epoxy resin lotion (WER) was prepared with epoxy resin and polyurethane as raw materials, and its hydrophilic groups (carboxyl and ether bonds) were self-emulsified. The results show that the viscosity of WER lotion is maintained between 100-200mPa · s at 25 ℃ -60 ℃, and it has a high slurry stability and an apparent viscosity lower than 300mPa · s when used as a flexible admixture of cement slurry. When 15% WER lotion is added, the filtrate loss of cement slurry is less than 40mL, and the thickening transition time is less than 16min, which can effectively prevent gas channeling. In addition, the low-temperature mechanical properties of WER lotion cement paste have been significantly improved. Its compressive strength has increased by 42.4% and 44.5% in 3d and 7d compared with neat cement paste, while its elastic modulus has decreased by 34.1% and 42.4%, respectively, showing excellent toughening effect, which will be conducive to improving the consolidation effect on shallow weak formations and enhancing the cementing performance between casings and formations.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.