Experimental Study on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Magnesium Chloride for Solid Fuel Production

Carrasco, Samuel; Silva, Javier; Pino-Cortés, Ernesto; Gómez, J.; Vallejo, Fidel; Díaz-Robles, Luis A.; Campos, Valeria; Cubillos, Francisco; Pelz, Stefan; Paczkowski, Sebastian; Cereceda-Balic, Francisco; Vergara-Fernández, Alberto; Lapuerta, Magı́n; Pazo, Amparo; Monedero, Esperanza; Hoekman, S. Kent

doi:10.3390/pr8040444

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Higher reaction temperatures and longer reaction times lead to hydrochars with properties similar to sub-bituminous coal, which can be used as a co-fuel [ 9 , 45 ]. By considering the results in literature [ 46 , 47 , 48 ], the obtained H/C and O/C ratios in Figure 3 were close to that of other solid fuels like coal, lignite and peat, thus showing their possibility to be used as co-fuels.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Hydrothermal Conversion of Spent Sugar Beets into High-Value Platform Molecules

et al. 2020

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The growing importance of bio-based products, combined with the desire to decrease the production of wastes, boosts the necessity to use wastes as raw materials for bio-based products. A waste material with a large potential is spent sugar beets, which are mainly used as animal feeds or fertilizers. After hydrothermal treatment, the produced chars exhibited an H/C ratio of 1.2 and a higher heating value of 22.7 MJ/kg, which were similar to that of subbituminous coal and higher than that of lignite. Moreover, the treatment of 25 g/L of glucose and 22 g/L of fructose by heating up to 160 °C led to a possible application of spent sugar beets for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. In the present study, the maximum concentration of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 3.4 g/L after heating up to 200 °C.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Hydrothermal Conversion of Spent Sugar Beets into High-Value Platform Molecules

et al. 2020

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“…During HTC of sludge, the addition of H 2 SO 4 and NaOH leads to a decrease in the calorific value of hydrothermal carbon (Ekanthalu et al, 2021). Researchers added magnesium chloride to the HTC process of biomass and found that the additive was able to reduce the HTC temperature of, likewise, the calorific value increased by 33% for this additive dose, resulting in an energy yield of 68%, thus generating a solid fuel of prominent characteristics (Carrasco et al, 2020). At the same time, the additive can reduce the phosphorus content in hydrothermal carbon, which has a positive effect on the improvement of hydrothermal carbon combustion pollutant emissions (Huang and Yuan, 2015; Zheng et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of CaO and hydrothermal carbonization conditions on the fuel characteristics of rice husk hydrochars

et al. 2022

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The effects of hydrothermal temperature and catalyst concentration on the basic elements and combustion characteristics and kinetic parameters of hydrochars were investigated using ultimate analyzer and thermogravimetric method with rice husk as the research object and CaO as the additives. The results showed that: (1) the fixed carbon content of hydrochars gradually increased with the increase of hydrothermal temperature, whereas the volatile content gradually decreased. When CaO was added, the changes of fixed carbon and volatile fraction gradually decreased with the increase of hydrothermal temperature, and H/C atomic ratio increased to different degrees, which had a certain inhibitory effect on the degree of hydrothermal carbonization of rice husk. (2) The peak of the volatile fraction combustion section of hydrochars combustion derivative thermogravimetric curve was higher than that of the fixed carbon combustion section. CaO concentration has less effect on the volatile combustion section, and the combustion peak of the fixed carbon section is significantly reduced. (3) When the heating rate of the combustion test is accelerated, the ignition and burnout temperatures of the sample increase and the overall combustion curve shifts to the high temperature region. (4) The comprehensive combustion index SN decreases with the increase in hydrothermal temperature. When the hydrothermal temperature is certain, the CaO concentration causes the SN to increase and then decrease, which finally reduces the combustion performance of hydrochars. (5) The activation energy of the fixed carbon combustion section of hydrochars is lower than that of the volatile combustion section, and the activation energy of both volatile and fixed carbon combustion sections gradually decreases after adding CaO. The primary reaction kinetic model was used to describe the combustion kinetics of hydrochars, and the correlation coefficients ( R2) were all above 0.92, and the results were reliable.

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“…They have been applied in important areas such as catalysis, adsorption, energy generation, and storage devices, etc. [19][20][21]. However, the low porosity of the resulting biochars implies the use of a subsequent activation step to develop their porosity [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass waste conversion into low-cost carbon-based materials for supercapacitors: A sustainable approach for the energy scenario

Chaparro-Garnica

Salinas-Torres

Mostazo‐López

et al. 2021

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Biomass upgrading is a promising approach to face the current energy consumption and chemicals production. Lignocellulosic biomass residues have taken the lead in this field. In this study, hemp residue-based activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by H3PO4-assisted hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) using a low concentration of H3PO4 (25 wt. %). ACs with a high porosity development were obtained (SBET>1200 m 2 g-1), and they were subsequently functionalized with nitrogen groups using mild conditions. As-synthesized ACs were also heat-treated to enhance the electrical conductivity, improving the electrochemical performance. As a proof of concept, electrochemical capacitors (ECs) based on as-prepared ACs in aqueous and organic electrolytes, showing energy densities comparable to those of a capacitor based on an AC used in commercial capacitors. The most attractive outcome of this study is the straightforward, cost-effective, and sustainable methodology to prepare high added-value functional ACs with great potential for energy and environmental applications.

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Experimental Study on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Magnesium Chloride for Solid Fuel Production

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Hydrothermal Conversion of Spent Sugar Beets into High-Value Platform Molecules

Hydrothermal Conversion of Spent Sugar Beets into High-Value Platform Molecules

Effect of CaO and hydrothermal carbonization conditions on the fuel characteristics of rice husk hydrochars

Biomass waste conversion into low-cost carbon-based materials for supercapacitors: A sustainable approach for the energy scenario

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