Experimental Study on Hydrogen Leakage and Emission of Fuel Cell Vehicles in Confined Spaces

Highlights Hydrogen release from onboard storage in a covered car park is numerically investigated  Release and dispersions from a range of TPRD diameters is simulated  A 0.5 mm diameter TPRD was found to be inherently safer for 700 bar storage  The angle of TPRD release was shown to have implications for passenger egress  Results support the inherently safe design of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles *Highlights (for review)

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“…However, it is a topic that has been highlighted as a research gap in a number of publications e.g. [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion of hydrogen release in a naturally ventilated covered car park

Hussein

Brennan

Molkov

2020

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…However, hydrogen poses a safety hazard if it accumulates in an enclosed or unventilated location. Therefore, ensuring a well-ventilated room is an essential step to performing these experiments safely [49,50].…”

Section: Sixth Experiment: Missing Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Portable Prototype of Hydrogen Fuel Cells for Educational Training

Alzahrani

2023

Applied Sciences

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This paper presents an experimental prototype of hydrogen fuel cells suitable for training engineering students. The presented system is designed to teach students the V-I characteristics of the fuel cells and how to record the V-I characteristics curve in the case of a single or multiple fuel cells. The prototype contains a compact electrolyzer to produce hydrogen and oxygen to the fuel cell. The fuel cell generates electricity to supply power to various types of loads. The paper also illustrates how to calculate the efficiency of fuel cells in series and parallel modes of operation. In the series mode of operation, it is mathematically proven that the efficiency is higher at lower currents. Still, the fuel cell operating area is required where the power is the highest. According to experimental results, the efficiency in the case of series connection is approximately 25%, while in parallel operation mode, the efficiency is about 50%. Thus, a parallel connection is recommended in the high current applications because the efficiency is higher than the one resulted from series connection. As explained later in the study plan, several other experiments can be performed using this educational kit.

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“…Predicted results of perfect and true mixing suggest that there may be hazards during the release of unignited hydrogen. Hao et al [6] analyzed the safety standards of fuel cell vehicles in confined spaces and based on the experimental analysis, proposed hydrogen safety standards for fuel cell vehicles in confined spaces. The above scholars have carried out a lot of research on hydrogen in confined space, and obtained important results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Liquid Hydrogen Spilling in the Confined Cabin with Air Supplying and Vent

Shu

Liang

Lei³

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The purpose of this work is to research the spill and diffusion characteristics of liquid hydrogen in confined cabin with air supplying and vent. The spill and diffusion behavior of liquid hydrogen in the confined cabin with air supplying and vent was simulated using Fluent software. The feasibility of the model was verified by the experimental results. The research results show that the numerical simulation model can simulate to predict the diffusion process of liquid hydrogen well and has application value for engineering. The diffusion cloud after the spill of liquid hydrogen is gathering at the top and slowly spread to the surrounding which is different from the open environment. The process of liquid hydrogen spill can be divided into three stages, among which the concentration of cloud clusters changes sharply in the spilling stage. Low wind speed can affect the inclination angle of the diffuse cloud, and it is concluded that wind speed is also the main factor affecting the movement of the diffusion cloud. The research results are expected to provide a reference for standard formulation and design of liquid hydrogen applications.

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Experimental Study on Hydrogen Leakage and Emission of Fuel Cell Vehicles in Confined Spaces

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Dispersion of hydrogen release in a naturally ventilated covered car park

Dispersion of hydrogen release in a naturally ventilated covered car park

Portable Prototype of Hydrogen Fuel Cells for Educational Training

Numerical Simulation of Liquid Hydrogen Spilling in the Confined Cabin with Air Supplying and Vent

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