“…Runze et al performed experiments with a 50 % glycerol-water solution and observed that applying longitudinal disturbances at a frequency of 84Hz induced asymmetry in the droplet's shape, resulting in oscillations and distortion. However, during the entire process, only one breakage occurred, and no satellite droplets were generated [ 56 ]. Oke Oktavianty et al conducted a comparison between the basic waveform, W-shaped pulses, and enhanced W-shaped pulse waveforms.…”