Experimental Study on Fire Behaviors of Kerosene/Additive Blends

Wang, Xuehui; He, Yaping; Zhou, Ting; Chen, Qinpei; Ding, Chao

doi:10.1007/s10694-018-0776-1

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, it is important to note that acceptable emissions are a crucial aspect of fire resistance tests, and achieving such conditions goes beyond just the equivalence ratio. Other factors, such as material properties, burner design, and combustion efficiency, also play significant roles in determining the overall emissions behavior 38,39 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other factors, such as material properties, burner design, and combustion efficiency, also play significant roles in determining the overall emissions behavior. 38,39 3.4 | Fire behavior of composites 1.03 calibrated with heat flux and temperature of 140 kW/m 2 and 1100 C, respectively. The exposure time is set at 5 minutes and the samples are positioned 10 cm from the cone burner.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the flame properties and fire behavior of carbon‐reinforced PEKK, BMI and phenolic composites impacted by Jet‐A1/air flames

Ogabi,

Manescau,

Chetehouna

et al. 2023

Fire and Materials

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This paper provides an experimental investigation of a kerosene/air burner (the NexGen burner designed on the FAA's proposed ISO 2685 standard), which is used to generate flame/burnt gases impinging on material samples in the field of fire safety. The purpose of this study is to characterize this burner, and experimental means are implemented to better understand the effects of the equivalence ratio on the spatial distribution of the gas temperature (thermocouples), the heat flux (heat flux gauge), and gas emission species. Hence, the measured flame temperature, heat flux, and heat release rate increase up to a critical value of equivalence ratio equal to 1.03. Furthermore, a pyrolysis test was carried out on composite materials and the results of the comparative analysis of carbon‐phenolic, carbon‐BMI, and carbon‐PEKK materials show that carbon‐PEKK had the lowest mass loss, highest back‐face temperature without significant material delamination, and the lowest concentration of gas emission species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of the flame properties and fire behavior of carbon‐reinforced PEKK, BMI and phenolic composites impacted by Jet‐A1/air flames

Ogabi,

Manescau,

Chetehouna

et al. 2023

Fire and Materials

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“…The reaction can be regarded as complete when the volume fraction is in the lower explosion limit. The mean chemical formula for RP-3 in this work is C 10.5 H 22 [13].…”

Section: The Theory Analysis Of Explosion•mentioning

confidence: 90%

Explosible Oxygen Concentration and Lower Explosion Limit of RP-3 Aviation Kerosene Vapor/O₂/N₂ Mixtures at Elevated Pressure and High temperature

Jin,

Liu,

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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RP-3 aviation kerosene is widely used in China, and the critical explosible oxygen concentration (COC) and lower explosion limit (LEL) are important parameters concerned about aviation safety. The COC and LEL characteristics of RP-3 aviation kerosene vapor/O2/N2 mixtures at different initial temperatures and pressure were investigated experimentally. The LEL for RP-3 vapor/O2/N2 mixtures ranges from 0.5 vol% to 0.6 vol%, with the ambient pressure ranging from 40 kPa to 100 kPa, temperature from 60°C to 150°C, which is almost unchanged. The COC decreases as the temperature and pressure increase, and the COC of RP-3 vapor/O2/N2 mixtures is 9.7 vol% under the pressure of 100 kPa and 150°C. The suppression performance of N2 on the RP-3 vapor/O2/N2 mixtures was discussed, and the suppression performance model was defined in this paper, the suppression performance on COC condition is about 77%.

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“…Parfhasarathy [2] researched combustion characteristics of jet fuel/ethanol blends in a porous burner, finding higher NO x emission indices for ethanol blends versus jet fuel. Wang [3] experimentally investigated combustion of jet fuel/ethanol blends. It was considered that adding ethanol to jet fuel can reduce fuel combustion efficiency and maximum CO concentration during reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Combustion Conditions and Blending Ratio on Aero-Engine Emissions

Shan,

Zhou,

Mao

et al. 2023

Energies

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The combustion chamber operating pressure, air inlet temperature, and bio-fuel blending ratio are the key factors affecting the emissions of aero engines. Numerical simulations were used to investigate the emission patterns of CO, CO2, NO and carbon soot at the combustion chamber outlet at different temperatures, pressures and blending ratios. The results show that the emission patterns of CO, CO2, NO and carbon soot vary greatly. With increasing working pressure and inlet air temperature of the combustion chamber, the CO2 emissions initially increase rapidly. However, when the working pressure exceeds 0.7 MPa and the inlet air temperature exceeds 450 K, the growth rate of CO2 emissions slows down. On the other hand, CO emissions show a relatively steady increase, but when the working pressure exceeds 0.5 MPa and the inlet air temperature exceeds 550 K, the CO emissions increase rapidly. The CO emissions decrease uniformly with an increase in the blending ratio, whereas the CO2 emissions are not significantly affected by the blending ratio when the bioethanol/aviation fuel ratio is less than 30%. However, when the blending ratio exceeds 30%, the CO2 emissions gradually decrease with an increase in the blending ratio. With increasing pressure, the distribution of NO in the combustion chamber shifts backward gradually, and the NO generation is related to the working pressure in a power function. The NO generation increases rapidly with an increase in the inlet air temperature, but it tends to slow down when the temperature reaches 550 K. The NO generation increases exponentially with an increase in the blending ratio. As the inlet air temperature increases, the soot emissions increase exponentially. The soot is concentrated in the head of the combustion chamber, and the maximum generation gradually decreases. When the biofuel blending ratio is 20%, the soot emissions show a trend of slowing down and then rapidly decreasing. Overall, the soot generation decreases gradually with an increase in the biofuel blending ratio.

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Experimental Study on Fire Behaviors of Kerosene/Additive Blends

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Investigation of the flame properties and fire behavior of carbon‐reinforced PEKK, BMI and phenolic composites impacted by Jet‐A1/air flames

Investigation of the flame properties and fire behavior of carbon‐reinforced PEKK, BMI and phenolic composites impacted by Jet‐A1/air flames

Explosible Oxygen Concentration and Lower Explosion Limit of RP-3 Aviation Kerosene Vapor/O₂/N₂ Mixtures at Elevated Pressure and High temperature

Effect of Combustion Conditions and Blending Ratio on Aero-Engine Emissions

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Experimental Study on Fire Behaviors of Kerosene/Additive Blends

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Investigation of the flame properties and fire behavior of carbon‐reinforced PEKK, BMI and phenolic composites impacted by Jet‐A1/air flames

Investigation of the flame properties and fire behavior of carbon‐reinforced PEKK, BMI and phenolic composites impacted by Jet‐A1/air flames

Explosible Oxygen Concentration and Lower Explosion Limit of RP-3 Aviation Kerosene Vapor/O2/N2 Mixtures at Elevated Pressure and High temperature

Effect of Combustion Conditions and Blending Ratio on Aero-Engine Emissions

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Explosible Oxygen Concentration and Lower Explosion Limit of RP-3 Aviation Kerosene Vapor/O₂/N₂ Mixtures at Elevated Pressure and High temperature