Experimental study of the structural, microscopy and magnetic properties of Ni-doped SnO2 nanoparticles

Abstract

A polymer precursor method has been used to synthesize Ni-doped SnO 2 nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data analyses indicate the exclusive formation of nanosized particles with rutile-type phase (tetragonal SnO 2 ) for Ni contents below 10 mol%. In this concentration range, the particle sizes decrease with increasing Ni content and a bulk solid solution limit was determined at~1 mol%. Ni surface enrichment is present at concentrations higher than the solution limit. Only above 10 mol% Ni, the formation of a second NiO-related phase has been determined. Magnetization measurements suggest the occurrence of ferromagnetism for samples in the solid solution regime (below~1 mol%). This ferromagnetism is associated with the exchange interaction between electron spins trapped on oxygen vacancies, and is enhanced as the amount of Ni 2+ substituting at Sn 4+ sites increases. Above the solid solution limit, ferromagnetism is destroyed by the Ni surface enrichment and the system behaves as a paramagnet.

Structural and Surface Study of Praseodymium-Doped SnO2 Nanoparticles Prepared by the Polymeric Precursor Method

“…The list of the structural parameters obtained from the Rietveld refinements is collected in Table . Figure a shows the expected decrease of the mean crystallite size ( D ) as the nominal Pr-content increases, which is a behavior already reported in the literature regarding the TM- and RE-doping of SnO 2 nanoparticles. ,, The entry of the Pr-ion originates distortions in the crystal lattice evidenced by the increase of the lattice strain (ε). The unit cell volume becomes larger as the nominal Pr-content increases.…”

“…However, the doping approach induces strong effects on the structural, electronic, catalytic, and magnetic ,, properties. Regarding the magnetic properties many oxides such as CeO 2 , ZnO, SnO 2 , etc. − exhibit room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) when doped with a small amount of metals.…”

Structural and Magnetic Properties of Ni DopedSnO2

“…[20]. A ferromagnetic behavior at lower concentrations and paramagnetic behavior at higher doping concentration were reported in Ni doped SnO 2 nanocrystals by Aragón et al [21]. But in the present system, ferromagnetism has been observed even at higher Ni doping levels but the saturation magnetic moment decreased at higher dopant levels (15 at.%).…”

Fabrication of Cr doped SnO2 nanoparticles based biosensor for the selective determination of riboflavin in pharmaceuticals

“…The ionic radius of Cr(III) is close to that of Sn 4+ , which means that Cr 3+ can easily penetrate into the SnO 2 crystal lattice or substitute the Sn 4+ position in the crystal. 6 Various methods have been used to synthesize the SnO 2 nanostructures; sol-gel method, 7 co-precipitation, 8 pulsed laser deposition, 9 spray pyrolysis, 10 solid state reaction method, 11 polymeric precursor's route, 12 hydrothermal method, 13 etc. However, it still remains a great challenge to develop a simple method for fabricating nano-SnO 2 , particularly metal ion doped SnO 2 nanostructures with controlled morphology.…”