Experimental study of the injection conditions influence over n-dodecane and diesel sprays with two ECN single-hole nozzles. Part I: Inert atmosphere

Gimeno, J.; Martí-Aldaraví, Pedro; Peraza, Jesús E.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.07.077

Cited by 59 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Furthermore, the chamber is able to reproduce the in-cylinder thermo-dynamic conditions present in a Diesel engine, up to a maximum pressure of 15 MPa and a maximum ambient temperature of 1000 K. Although there are several test rigs over the world capable of performing analogously [8], [16], nearly quiescent and steady thermodynamic conditions can be obtained within this particular chamber. A detailed description of the vessel can be found in [7], [9], [17]. In this test rig it is possible to study the spray development either in a standard air atmosphere or with O2/N2 mixtures with different proportions, enabling to simulate exhaust gas recirculation conditions by decreasing the oxygen concentration of the charge.…”

Section: Experimental Vesselmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several 'free-jet' experiments have been carried out previously in the test rig [7]- [9], [19]. However, for this type of tests involving a wall obstructing the free path of the jet, it was necessary to design a system to reliably support the wall at determined angles and distances from the injector tip achieved with high accuracy.…”

Section: Wall Supporting Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, the image is inverted to have the spray as the high intensity area and the threshold is calculated as a certain percentage of the dynamic range of the image [9]. Then, some small areas which appear as result of the background noise are erased by erodingdilating filtering methods according to spray connectivity criteria.…”

Section: Image Recording and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is an axial single-hole Bosch 3-22 injector with an outlet diameter of 192 µm [18], a k-factor of 1.5 whose rounded nozzle entrance and a convergent shape is oriented to avoid the cavitation phenomenon. The geometrical features of the Spray D can be found on the ECN webpage [15] and it has been hydraulically characterized in previous studies [9], [19], [20]. The injection setup consisted of a conventional Common-Rail system, which is mainly constituted by a standard rail with pressure regulator and a high pressure volumetric Bosch CP3 pump which is driven by an electric motor.…”

Section: Injection Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the impact of the spray with a surface tends to improve the mixing of the fuel in the air due to both the impact and the subsequent expansion of the front of the jet. The complexity of the jet-wall impact phenomenon has to be added to the overall complexity of the injection-combustion processes, which, although they have been extensively studied in 'free jet' conditions [7]- [9] remain an active area of research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spray/wall interaction analysis on an ECN single-hole injector at diesel-like conditions through Schlieren visualization.

Payri

Peraza

Bazyn

2017

Proceedings ILASS–Europe 2017. 28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems

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To continuously improve CFD models which simulate spray evolution, breakup and evaporation mechanisms, it is helpful to validate them with results obtained by experimental research. In the present study, a mono-orifice target nozzle from Engine Combustion Network, referred to as Spray D, was investigated at conditions of spray-wall interaction, which actually is a real situation in internal combustion engines that is not frequently analyzed by visualization. A Photron SA-X2 high-speed camera was employed to record the vapor phase development of the spray in an inert atmosphere using a Schlieren imaging single-pass setup. The experiments show that the spreading of the spray along the wall has a behavior fairly similar to penetration at free-jet situations, especially regarding to its susceptibility to the operating conditions and its proportionality to the square root of time once the spray reaches a steady regime interacting with the wall. Furthermore, the spray film thickness was measured at three distances from the spray-wall impact point during the injection event, thereby characterizing that parameter both spatially and temporally. The tests were carried out in a constant pressure-flow facility able to reproduce pressure and temperature conditions, similar to those seen into a diesel engine. In order to observe the behavior of the spray colliding with a wall within this test rig, a system capable to being fitted into it and to holding a fused quartz wall at different injector tip-wall distances and impingement angle configurations, was designed and employed. IntroductionAt present, the study of the spray-wall interactions into the field of transportation systems is increasingly relevant in a world aimed at reducing the displacement per cylinder of the internal combustion engines. This phenomenon plays a fundamental role in the mixing and evaporation of fuel , the impact of spray with a wall is a subject of difficult analysis both theoretically and experimentally due to the highly transient nature of the spray and the high spatio-temporal variability of the event. Because of this, its effects on the engine performance are not entirely known. On the one hand, the incidence and accumulation of fuel in the cylinder walls can lead to the formation of a fuel film that worsens combustion, promotes the emission of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons and involves energy losses given the increase of heat transfer [7]. On the other hand, the impact of the spray with a surface tends to improve the mixing of the fuel in the air due to both the impact and the subsequent expansion of the front of the jet. The complexity of the jet-wall impact phenomenon has to be added to the overall complexity of the injection-combustion processes, which, although they have been extensively studied in 'free jet' conditions [7]-[9] remain an active area of research.

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Section: Experimental Vesselmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wall Supporting Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Image Recording and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Injection Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Spray/wall interaction analysis on an ECN single-hole injector at diesel-like conditions through Schlieren visualization.

Payri

Peraza

Bazyn

2017

Proceedings ILASS–Europe 2017. 28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems

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Validation of a three-phase Eulerian CFD model to account for cavitation and spray atomization phenomena

Payri

Martí-Aldaraví

Martínez

2021

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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Cavitation phase change phenomenon appears in many engineering applications, often eroding and damaging surfaces, so deteriorating the performance of devices. Therefore, it is a phenomenon of great interest for the research and industry communities. In this work, three different cavitation models, the Homogeneous Relaxation Model (HRM), the Schnerr and Sauer, and the Kunz, are implemented in a Eulerian multiphase homogeneous flow Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver previously developed for simulating fully atomized sprays. The improved solver can be used then to study not only cases with cavitation, such a hydrofoil, but also situations where cavitation occurs together with liquid atomization, such as high pressure injection systems. Validation of this solver is carried out for three different cases under diverse operating conditions: a two-dimmensional throttle, a hydrofoil and a single-hole fuel injector. The Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach isThe equipment and resources used in this work have been partially supported by the Universitat Politècnica de València in the framework of the PAID-06-18 program (reference SP20180170). Additionally, the Ph.D. student María Martínez has been funded by a grant from the Government of Generalitat Valenciana with reference ACIF/2018/118 and financial support from The European Union.

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Interaction of Cavitation with Sprays in High-Pressure Diesel Injection Systems

Hwang

2021

Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics

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Experimental study of the injection conditions influence over n-dodecane and diesel sprays with two ECN single-hole nozzles. Part I: Inert atmosphere

Cited by 59 publications

References 30 publications

Spray/wall interaction analysis on an ECN single-hole injector at diesel-like conditions through Schlieren visualization.

Spray/wall interaction analysis on an ECN single-hole injector at diesel-like conditions through Schlieren visualization.

Validation of a three-phase Eulerian CFD model to account for cavitation and spray atomization phenomena

Interaction of Cavitation with Sprays in High-Pressure Diesel Injection Systems

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