Experimental Study of the Effect of Air Filter Pressure Drop on Internal Combustion Engine Performance

Abstract

The paper presents the problem of the effect of air filter pressure drop on the operating parameters of a modern internal combustion engine with compression ignition. A literature analysis of the results of investigations of the effect of air filter pressure drop on the filling, power and fuel consumption of carburetor and diesel engines with classical injection system was carried out. It was shown that each increase in the air filter pressure drop Δpf by 1 kPa results in an average decrease in engine power by SI 1–1.5% and an increase in specific fuel consumption by about 0.7. For compression ignition engines, the values are 0.4–0.6% decrease in power and 0.3–0.5% increase in specific fuel consumption. The values of the permissible resistance of the air filter flow Δpfdop determined from the condition of 3% decrease in engine power are given, which are at the level of 2.5–4.0 kPa—passenger car engines, 4–7 kPa—truck engines and 9–12 kPa—special purpose vehicles. Possibilities of decreasing the pressure drop of the inlet system, which result in the increase of the engine filling and power, were analyzed. The program and conditions of dynamometer engine tests were worked out in respect to the influence of the air filter pressure drop on the operation parameters of the six-cylinder engine of the swept volume Vss = 15.8 dm3 and power rating of 226 kW. Three technical states of the air filter were modeled by increasing the pressure drop of the filter element. For each technical state of the air filter, measurements and calculations of engine operating parameters, including power, hourly and specific fuel consumption, boost pressure and temperature, were carried out in the speed range n = 1000–2100 rpm. It was shown that the increase in air filter pressure drop causes a decrease in power (9.31%), hourly fuel consumption (7.87%), exhaust temperature (5.1%) and boost pressure (3.11%). At the same time, there is an increase in specific fuel consumption (2.52%) and the smoke of exhaust gases, which does not exceed the permissible values resulting from the technical conditions for admission of vehicles to traffic.

Experimental Studies of the Effect of Air Filter Pressure Drop on the Composition and Emission Changes of a Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engine

“…The air filter pressure drop ∆p f was determined as the pressure difference p 1 before and p 2 after the air filter, with the use of a TESTO 400 differential pressure gauge. The detailed test methodology was described in [69]. During the tests, for each speed of rotation, the following parameters of engine operation and parameters of the air flow in the intake system were measured directly: The emission of particular exhaust components was determined according to requirements contained in [81].…”

“…The air filter pressure drop Δpf was determined as the pressure difference p1 before and p2 after the air filter, with the use of a TESTO 400 differential pressure gauge. The detailed test methodology was described in [69].…”

“…The results of the study of the effect of the baffle filter on the characteristics of the UTD-20 internal combustion engine of a special vehicle are presented in [69]. A compressionignition engine of displacement V ss = 15.8 dm 3 and rated power of 226 kW with a classical fuel injection system was used.…”

“…Suitable filling of engine cylinders is assured by turbocharger and charge air cooler operating in an "air-to-air" system. A detailed description of the engine and intake system can be found in [69].…”

“…Dziubak and Karczewski in [69] carried out extensive experimental research on an engine dynamometer on the influence of air-filter flow resistance on the basic parameters of operation (filling factor, power and specific fuel consumption) of a modern Diesel engine equipped with the common rail fuel supply system. The investigated engine is a driving unit of a truck tractor.…”