Experimental study of the coupling parameters influencing the terminal effects of thoracic blunt ballistic impacts

Pavier, Julien; Langlet, André; Eches, Nicolas; Prat, Nicolas; Bailly, Patrice; Jacquet, Jean-François

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.04.004

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In order to circumvent some of the limitations associated with PMHS testing, animal testing has been extensively carried out using both live and deceased animals such as horses, cattle, goats, sheep, dogs and pigs. [66][67][68][69][70][71][72] Pigs have been frequently used as a substitute for human tissue for thoracic impacts because of their anatomical similarities, 38,[73][74][75] despite having thicker skin and subcutaneous tissue than humans. 67 However, the utilisation of large live animals for ballistics testing or other scientific research must be approached with caution due to disparities with human anatomy and physiology.…”

Section: Pmhs and Animal Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of non-penetrating ballistic testing techniques for protection assessment: From biological data to numerical and physical surrogates

Chaufer,

Delille,

Bourel

et al. 2024

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Human surrogates have long been employed to simulate human behaviour, beginning in the automotive industry and now widely used throughout the safety framework to estimate human injury during and after accidents and impacts. In the specific context of blunt ballistics, various methods have been developed to investigate wound injuries, including tissue simulants such as clays or gelatine ballistic, physical dummies and numerical models. However, all of these surrogate entities must be biofidelic, meaning they must accurately represent the biological properties of the human body. This paper provides an overview of physical and numerical surrogates developed specifically for blunt ballistic impacts, including their properties, use and applications. The focus is on their ability to accurately represent the human body in the context of blunt ballistic impact.

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Section: Pmhs and Animal Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of non-penetrating ballistic testing techniques for protection assessment: From biological data to numerical and physical surrogates

Chaufer,

Delille,

Bourel

et al. 2024

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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show abstract

“…Viscohyperelastic materials are other types of elastic materials. The relationship between the load (stress) and the strain response of the material is nonlinear, and the stress emerges from the strain energy as shown in (7):…”

Section: Modeling and Validation Of Sir-x Projectilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the hyperelastic materials, the corresponding variable energy function must meet the frame's principle of indifference or objectivity. Therefore, ( 8) is derived from (7):…”

Section: Modeling and Validation Of Sir-x Projectilementioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of thorax injury caused by the blunt impact of SIR-X sponge grenade

Chen¹,

Zhao²,

Ma³

2023

Preprint

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To effectively assess the injury risk of the blunt impact of the SIR-X sponge grenade on the human thorax, In this paper, we used a numerical simulation technique to test the non-lethal kinetic energy projectiles that blunt impact on the Hybrid Ⅲ 50th dummy model. By simulating the effect of the L5 projectile on the thorax of the Hybrid Ⅲ 50th dummy model, about NATO standard AEP-99 (2021 edition), the thoracic displacement curves of the dummy model in three testing conditions were obtained in the validation corridors. The idea of replacing the finite element model of the human body with the Hybrid Ⅲ 50th dummy finite element model was proposed. We considered the difficulty in obtaining data due to the large deformation of the contact position when the SIR-X sponge grenade impacts the dummy's thorax. We proposed a mathematical model to predict the impact injury of the human thorax using the rib displacement measured by the rib displacement sensor of the Hybrid III 50th dummy. We simulated the SIR-X sponge grenade blunt impacting the dummy model's thorax. The measured rib displacement was used to predict and analyze the injury risk of the human thorax, providing a specific data reference for practical application.

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“…to obtain biomechanical data such as force, velocity, acceleration, displacement, and stress-strain under different impact conditions and to conduct trauma grade assessment according to viscosity standard (VC) max [6]. Based on the analysis of current research progress, animal experiments and cadaver experiments are the most suitable for blunt ballistic impact testing [7]. However, the biomechanical response and physiological data obtained from animal experiments can only be used as a reference and cannot be directly used to predict blunt human trauma [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Thorax Injury Caused by the Blunt Impact of SIR-X Sponge Grenade

Chen¹,

Zhao²,

Ma³

2023

Hum Factors Mech Eng Def Saf

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To effectively assess the injury risk of the blunt impact of the SIR-X sponge grenade on the human thorax, in this paper, we used a numerical simulation technique to test the non-lethal kinetic energy projectiles that blunt impact on the Hybrid III 50th dummy model. By simulating the effect of the L5 projectile on the thorax of the Hybrid III 50th dummy model, about NATO standard AEP-99 (2021 edition), the thoracic displacement curves of the dummy model in three testing conditions were obtained in the validation corridors. The idea of replacing the finite element model of the human body with the Hybrid III 50th dummy finite element model was proposed. We considered the difficulty in obtaining data due to the large deformation of the contact position when the SIR-X sponge grenade impacts the dummy’s thorax. We proposed a mathematical model to predict the impact injury of the human thorax using the rib displacement measured by the rib displacement sensor of the Hybrid III 50th dummy. We simulated the SIR-X sponge grenade blunt impacting the dummy model’s thorax. The measured rib displacement was used to predict and analyze the injury risk of the human thorax, providing a specific data reference for practical application.

show abstract

Experimental study of the coupling parameters influencing the terminal effects of thoracic blunt ballistic impacts

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Review of non-penetrating ballistic testing techniques for protection assessment: From biological data to numerical and physical surrogates

Review of non-penetrating ballistic testing techniques for protection assessment: From biological data to numerical and physical surrogates

Numerical analysis of thorax injury caused by the blunt impact of SIR-X sponge grenade

Numerical Analysis of Thorax Injury Caused by the Blunt Impact of SIR-X Sponge Grenade

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