Experimental Study of Pyrolysis and Laser Ignition of Low-Vulnerability Propellants Based on RDX

Ehrhardt, Jordan; Courty, Léo; Gillard, Philippe; Baschung, Barbara

doi:10.3390/molecules25102276

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The propellants can be divided into nitrocellulose powders and rocket propellants. Nitrocellulose powders, with regard to their composition and function, can be divided into singlebase, double-base, triple-base, Insensitive Munition (IM) and Low Vulnerability Ammunition (LOVA) [2][3][4][5][6]. IM and LOVA demonstrate low vulnerability or sensitivity to mechanical and thermal impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of citrate plasticizers on the properties of nitrocellulose granules

Gańczyk-Specjalska

Cieślak

Jakubczak

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Nitrocellulose granules containing the proposed new eco‐friendly inert plasticizers, substitutes for phthalate derivatives, such as acetyl triethyl nitrate (ATEC) and tributyl citrate (TBC) were obtained. The single‐base propellants were obtained using safe granulation process (water method). Diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN) was used as an energetic modifier in obtained propellants. It was found that the addition of citrate plasticizers reduced the heat of combustion and dynamic vivacity of powders. At the same time DEGDN increased the heat of combustion of tested materials. Citrate derivatives did not affect the density and thermal decomposition of granules. It was concluded based on pyrostatic analysis that the TBC plasticizer influenced the kinetics of nitrocellulose gelatinization by DEGDN. The kinetic model [nth order with autocatalysis (CnB) reaction] was adjusted based on the process of thermal decomposition. The presence of DEGDN in granules reduces the activation energy and increases the constant heat cumulative rate. The prepared propellants are characterized by excellent thermal stability in accordance with the STANAG 4582 standard. The obtained propellants can be potentially used in small calibre ammunition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of citrate plasticizers on the properties of nitrocellulose granules

Gańczyk-Specjalska

Cieślak

Jakubczak

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…Solid propellants will age during storage [4][5][6][7] and storage aging performance is one of the essential properties of solid propellants [8]. In-depth research on solid propellant aging performance is important for guiding the long-term storage safety of propellants [9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid propellants: A first‐principles study of nitrous oxide generation from A3

Shen,

Yao,

Deng

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Density functional theory (DFT) is used to calculate and study the reaction mechanism of the four equations of nitrous oxide generation from plasticizer A3 (BDNPF: BDNPA=1 : 1). The optimal pathway is found for each equation, and finally, an optimal total pathway is found. At the same time, HONO is generated from A3 degradation. The stability is evaluated through ab‐initio molecular dynamics simulation (AIMD), and the electronic structure is analyzed to determine the active sites. The decomposition of A3 accelerates the aging of solid rocket propellant. Therefore, the mechanism of nitrous oxide generation from A3 can be revealed through various theoretical methods, which is of great significance for the subsequent slowing down of the aging of solid propellant.

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“…Medvedev et al [18,19] have studied the dependence of the laser ignition energy threshold on sample density and dispersion using pulse laser and explained their results in terms of thermal ignition theory. Ehrhardt et al [20] have studied the pyrolysis, ignition, and combustion of lowvulnerability propellants using lasers. The combustion characteristics they measured included ignition delay, maximal pressure, burning rate, and ignition energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Decomposition, Ignition Process and Combustion Behavior of Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether Propellant at 0.1–3.0 MPa

Feng²,

Ling³

et al. 2022

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

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Nitrate ester plasticized polyether (NEPE) propellant is widely used in solid rocket motors, having both good mechanical properties and high specific impulse. However, its ignition and combustion process are complex and need to be better understood. In this study, a high-pressure sealed combustion chamber was constructed, a thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate the thermal decomposition process, and a high-speed camera was used to capture the ignition process and combustion behavior of the propellant. The results showed that the thermal decomposition process of this propellant could be divided into two stages. The first stage (50–350°C) was the major mass loss stage and exhibited typical features of BTTN, RDX, and AP decomposition. The second stage (350–500°C) was mainly accompanied by decomposition of the remaining components as well as slight oxidation of aluminum particles. The ignition process of NEPE propellant was divided into four stages, including the inert heating period stage, thermal decomposition stage, initial flame stage, and stable combustion stage. After the propellant absorbed heat, the propellant started to pyrolyze and gasify to generate flammable gas. When the temperature of the propellant surface reached the flammable gas ignition point, an initial flame was generated on the surface, which spread rapidly, covering the surface. The ignition delay time of the propellant was measured by a signal acquisition system, and a mathematical model was then established for the ignition delay time. The results showed that the ignition delay time decreased with increased laser heat flux and ambient pressure. Finally, the Vielle burning rate empirical formula was used to fit the burning rate data for the propellant. The resulting good fit was consistent with experimental measurements and showed that the formula was valid for predicting the NEPE propellant burning rate under 0.1–3.0 MPa nitrogen.

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Experimental Study of Pyrolysis and Laser Ignition of Low-Vulnerability Propellants Based on RDX

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

The effect of citrate plasticizers on the properties of nitrocellulose granules

The effect of citrate plasticizers on the properties of nitrocellulose granules

Solid propellants: A first‐principles study of nitrous oxide generation from A3

Thermal Decomposition, Ignition Process and Combustion Behavior of Nitrate Ester Plasticized Polyether Propellant at 0.1–3.0 MPa

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