Experimental study of low concentration sand transport in wet gas flow regime in horizontal pipes

Najmi, Kamyar; McLaury, Brenton S.; Shirazi, Siamack A.

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2015.03.018

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Any combination of superficial liquid and gas velocity in this region finally results in the formation of a stationary sand bed. This behavior is in agreement with previously reported data in water-air multiphase flow system (Al-lababidi et al 2012) (Najmi, et al 2014).…”

Section: Observed Multiphase Flow Regimesupporting

confidence: 94%

“…A review of available sand transport multiphase flow models in the literature shows that most of these models are independent of particle concentration (Najmi, et al 2014). However, based on the experimental data presented in this study, it is clear that critical velocity is a function of particle concentration, and an accurate multiphase flow model should take into account the effect particle concentration.…”

Section: Sand Concentration Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Study of Low Concentration Sand Transport in Multiphase Viscous Horizontal Pipes

Najmi

McLaury

Shirazi

2015

SPE Production and Operations Symposium

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Low concentration particle transport in multiphase horizontal pipes in the presence of a viscous liquid is experimentally investigated using a 0.05 m diameter pipe. The experiments were conducted for a wide range of liquid and gas flow rates in both intermittent and stratified flow. Critical velocity was defined as "minimum required liquid and gas flow rates to keep particles constantly moving in the pipe". Critical velocity is defined in a way to make sure all particles are continuously moving along the pipe and as a result prevents forming a stationary bed of sand. The experimental data obtained in the current study shows that the required gas flow rate to meet critical velocity definition increases by decreasing liquid flow rate. Moreover, the effect of physical parameters such as sand concentration, sand size and liquid viscosity is also experimentally investigated. The experimental data obtained in this study shows that critical velocity is a function of sand concentration and sand size and increases by increasing either within the examined range of particle concentration and size. Regarding the effect of carrier liquid viscosity, the experimental data reveals that by increasing viscosity the minimum required flow rates to constantly move sand along the pipe increases.

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Section: Observed Multiphase Flow Regimesupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Sand Concentration Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Low Concentration Sand Transport in Multiphase Viscous Horizontal Pipes

Najmi

McLaury

Shirazi

2015

SPE Production and Operations Symposium

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“…The sand injection concentration could be more than 30% for slurry transport (Wilson et al 2006), but would be less than 0.1% for sand production in a pipeline (Najmi et al 2014). Since the local velocity is affected by the pipe eccentricity, the velocity near the bottom of annular eccentric pipe flows is lower than it is in single pipe flows or in an open channel sedimentation flows.…”

Section: Figure 1-post Frac Sand Image In a Horizontal Well At 2750m mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview Solids Transport Study and Application in Oil-Gas Industry-Theoretical Work

Li¹,

Luft²

2014

All Days

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The transport of solids is often encountered in well drilling, completion, well intervention and production processes. The process is affected by many variables and the complexity of the phenomena presents challenges to the field engineer who is trying to determine how these parameters affect solids-transport even if only one of these variables is changed during an operation. In the early stage, solids-transport studies mainly focused on finding the minimum critical velocity to prevent the formation of a stationary debris bed in the wellbore annulus for conventional rotary drilling with mud fluids. Over the past 10 years, the research and development focus has been on obtaining information related to the prediction of the equilibrium solids concentration profile along the whole well path during tripping in, on the wiper trip speed during tripping out, and on the prediction of the hole-cleaning time. Various correlations and models have been developed that would guide the field engineer to design and optimize the hole cleaning process. However, due to the complexity of the process, a comprehensive and proven model still does not exist at present.In this paper, based on 20 years of research experience, the authors present a critical review of the state of the art of previous approaches to studying the solids transport during both drilling and well interventions. It mainly focuses on theoretical studies. An overview of the experimental study of solids transport is given in a companion paper (Li et al. 2014). The methodology used to develop a model to simulate the hole cleaning process is also discussed. To date, completely satisfactory solids transport software, is still not available for the oil industry. Hopefully, this paper will provide a useful and helpful general guide for future research related to this subject and will aid in a better understanding of the lack of previous studies and what issues should be focused on in future research.

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“…Bottin et al (2014) and Lee et al (2013) also respectively studied the two-phase bubbly flow and hydrodynamics model for gaseliquid stratified flow in horizontal pipes. Najmi et al (2015) conducted an experimental study to confirm the critical flow rates (resulting in stratified wavy flow) of gas and liquid necessary to keep particles moving in a horizontal flow line. Osgouei et al (2015) proposed a new model to estimate the frictional pressure losses for liquidegas multiphase flow in horizontal eccentric annulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas–liquid flowing process in a horizontal well with premature liquid loading

Wang

Guo

et al. 2015

Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering

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Experimental study of low concentration sand transport in wet gas flow regime in horizontal pipes

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Experimental Study of Low Concentration Sand Transport in Multiphase Viscous Horizontal Pipes

Experimental Study of Low Concentration Sand Transport in Multiphase Viscous Horizontal Pipes

Overview Solids Transport Study and Application in Oil-Gas Industry-Theoretical Work

Gas–liquid flowing process in a horizontal well with premature liquid loading

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