Experimental study of liquid metal embrittlement for the aluminum 7075–mercury couple

Keller, Scott G.; Gordon, Ali P.

doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2012.02.005

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Pump‐out describes the tendency for grease‐based TIMs to squeeze out of the interface gap due to thermo‐mechanical cycling. LM pump‐out is a major concern due to several factors such as Ga‐induced degradation of surrounding metallic components and nonuniform heat distribution due to void‐formation in the TIM . In addition, the thermal conductivity of Ga‐based LMs is still several times lower than commercially available metal foil TIMs (e.g., 84 W m −1 K −1 for indium foils).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxide‐Mediated Formation of Chemically Stable Tungsten–Liquid Metal Mixtures for Enhanced Thermal Interfaces

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Modern microelectronics and emerging technologies such as wearable devices and soft robotics require conformable and thermally conductive thermal interface materials to improve their performance and longevity. Gallium‐based liquid metals (LMs) are promising candidates for these applications yet are limited by their moderate thermal conductivity, difficulty in surface‐spreading, and pump‐out issues. Incorporation of metallic particles into the LM can address these problems, but observed alloying processes shift the LM melting point and lead to undesirable formation of additional surface roughness. Here, these problems are addressed by introducing a mixture of tungsten microparticles dispersed within a LM matrix (LM‐W) that exhibits two‐ to threefold enhanced thermal conductivity (62 ± 2.28 W m−1 K−1 for gallium and 57 ± 2.08 W m−1 K−1 for EGaInSn at a 40% filler volume mixing ratio) and liquid‐to‐paste transition for better surface application. It is shown that the formation of a nanometer‐scale LM oxide in oxygen‐rich environments allows highly nonwetting tungsten particles to mix into LMs. Using in situ imaging and particle dipping experimentation within a focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy system, the oxide‐assisted mechanism behind this wetting process is revealed. Furthermore, since tungsten does not undergo room‐temperature alloying with gallium, it is shown that LM‐W remains a chemically stable mixture.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxide‐Mediated Formation of Chemically Stable Tungsten–Liquid Metal Mixtures for Enhanced Thermal Interfaces

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, as the Hg 2+ concentration increases to 30 μg/L, the OCP curve consistently decreases, which usually means lower corrosion resistance (Li et al , 2017). Meanwhile, the gradually increased Q c and smaller R c + R ct are because of the strong galvanic coupling corrosion effect (Keller and Gordon, 2012) resulting from the larger amounts of deposited mercury on the surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Huang et al (2011) achieved rapid activation of aluminum in water by introducing zinc amalgam on the aluminum surface, demonstrating the strong promotion of amalgam. In fact, the failure of Al in the presence of Hg is a complex process of solid–liquid couples (Keller and Gordon, 2012). Additionally, it is commonly known that the large amount of Cl − (Xia et al , 2021) in seawater is a major factor for severe pitting corrosion of passivated metals (Xia et al , 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hg²⁺ on the corrosion behavior of Al-2%Zn coatings on AA5083 in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution

Xia

Zhou²,

Gao

et al. 2022

ACMM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose This paper aims to study the effect of Hg2+ on the corrosion behavior of Al–2%Zn coatings on AA5083 in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution. Design/methodology/approach Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used to investigate the effect of Hg2+ on the corrosion behavior. The surface and cross-sectional morphology are characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to further reveal the corrosion mechanism of Hg2+. Findings The results show that the corrosion behavior of the coating changes significantly as the concentration of Hg2+ increases from 5 to 30 μg/L. The corrosion production film can inhibit the corrosion process when Hg2+ concentration is in the range of 0.5–5 μg/L, while Hg2+ can promote the corrosion process significantly when its concentration reaches to 30 μg/L. The generation rate of dense oxide film on the coating surface is faster than dissolution rate when the concentration of Hg2+ is in the range of 0–5 μg/L, which makes the coating “self-healing” and thus slightly slows down the corrosion rate. The EDS analysis shows that excessive Hg2+ are preferentially deposited at locations with inhomogeneous electrochemical properties, which in turn accelerates corrosion. Originality/value The corrosion resistance of Al-based coatings is significantly affected by Hg2+ in seawater. Thus, it is important to explain the corrosion mechanism of Al–2%Zn coatings under the combined effect of Hg2+ and Cl− in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution.

show abstract

“…Existing failure mechanisms, including the decohesion model, adsorption induced dislocation emission model and dissolution condensation mechanism model are shown schematically in Fig. 2 [19]. There are many combinations of the matrix and embrittling solute [20], including steel embrittlement by liquid Cu, aluminum by Hg, or stainless steel by liquid Zn.…”

Section: Liquid Metal Embrittlementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing failure mechanisms of corrosion in liquid metals: (a) decohesion model; (b) adsorption induced dislocation emission model; (c) dissolution condensation mechanism model[19].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of Materials in Liquid Magnesium Alloys and Its Prevention

Czerwiński¹

2014

Magnesium Alloys - Properties in Solid and Liquid States

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

According to early research [14], the corrosive attacks are classified as: (i) simple dissolution, (ii) alloying between liquid metal and solid metal, (iii) intergranular penetration, (iv) impurity reactions, (v) temperature gradient mass transfer, (vi) concentration-gradient mass transfer or dissimilar-metal mass transfer. As variables controlling liquid metal corrosion, such factors as temperature, its gradient or cyclic fluctuation, surface area to volume ratio, metal purity, flow velocity and some characteristics of material being in contact with liquid metal, are named. Magnesium Alloys-Properties in Solid and Liquid States 132

show abstract

Experimental study of liquid metal embrittlement for the aluminum 7075–mercury couple

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Oxide‐Mediated Formation of Chemically Stable Tungsten–Liquid Metal Mixtures for Enhanced Thermal Interfaces

Oxide‐Mediated Formation of Chemically Stable Tungsten–Liquid Metal Mixtures for Enhanced Thermal Interfaces

Effect of Hg²⁺ on the corrosion behavior of Al-2%Zn coatings on AA5083 in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution

Corrosion of Materials in Liquid Magnesium Alloys and Its Prevention

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Experimental study of liquid metal embrittlement for the aluminum 7075–mercury couple

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Oxide‐Mediated Formation of Chemically Stable Tungsten–Liquid Metal Mixtures for Enhanced Thermal Interfaces

Oxide‐Mediated Formation of Chemically Stable Tungsten–Liquid Metal Mixtures for Enhanced Thermal Interfaces

Effect of Hg2+ on the corrosion behavior of Al-2%Zn coatings on AA5083 in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution

Corrosion of Materials in Liquid Magnesium Alloys and Its Prevention

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of Hg²⁺ on the corrosion behavior of Al-2%Zn coatings on AA5083 in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution