“…In general, wind tunnel testing is utilized in conjunction with other instrumentation methods. Depending on the target velocity of the flapping wing system under test, the systems are tested at various maximum speeds such as 3-5 ms −1 [24,36,47,52,54,60], 6-8 ms −1 [32,40,41,58,59] or 10 ms −1 [28,53,61]. This variety of chosen wind velocities is due to the wide variety of flapping wing fliers that exist in nature and their respective flight velocities.…”