Experimental study of fire growth and ejected plume in a cross‐ventilation compartment under wind condition

Li, L.J.; Gao, Zihe; Ji, Jie; Zhu, Jianqin; Wang, Haobo; Zhou, Dechuang

doi:10.1002/fam.2705

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Al-Waked et al 17 investigated the natural ventilation of residential building atrium under fire scenario. Li et al 18 studied the influence of external opposing wind on the fire growth and spill plume in a compartment with two opposite openings. With respect to the smoke movement and the fire behaviour in a corridor-like space, Li et al 19 conducted theoretical and experimental analyses on the maximum gas temperature beneath a tunnel ceiling, considering the influence of the heat release rate, longitudinal ventilation velocity and tunnel geometry, and in their work, the ventilation velocity magnitude was divided into two regions of small velocity and large velocity, and they had different influence on the maximum gas temperature beneath the ceiling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental study of the influence of environmental wind on the smoke flow behaviour and temperature distribution in room-corridor fire

Cao

Huang

Yang

et al. 2023

Indoor and Built Environment

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As buildings are always in a windy environment, in many cases the influence of the environmental wind cannot be neglected. Therefore, this work conducted an experimental study of the influence of environmental wind on the smoke flow behaviour and temperature distribution in the typical room-corridor fire. In the experiments, different wind velocity and HRR (heat release rate) were tested. Experimental results indicated that the environmental wind would exhibit an obvious influence on the spilled smoke flow in the corridor. When the wind velocity is relatively small, the environmental wind has a positive effect on the spilled smoke flow, and the smoke distribution would show a symmetrical and high temperature region, which would become larger with the wind velocity. With the continuous increase in the velocity, the smoke would be blown downstream of the corridor, causing an obvious decrease in the maximum ceiling temperature. To characterize the temperature distribution along the corridor ceiling, a one-phase exponential correlation is proposed to predict the ceiling temperature distribution in both the upstream and downstream directions of the corridor. The research findings may benefit the design and management of the smoke control system and provide guidance in improving the fire safety level of the commonly existing room-corridor structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental study of the influence of environmental wind on the smoke flow behaviour and temperature distribution in room-corridor fire

Cao

Huang

Yang

et al. 2023

Indoor and Built Environment

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“…The growing stage is therefore considered to be the golden period for evacuating and rescuing anybody who is stuck in the tunnel. The main performance of the growth stage is the heat release rate (HRR) increment in a certain period of time (ranging from a few minutes to tens of minutes), 4 that is, unsteady state. The HRR is essential for studying tunnel fires, 5 and it is usually characterized by the fire growth model containing key parameters such as the growth coefficient and the growth time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the key parameters of vehicle fires for the growth stage in road tunnels

Zhu

et al. 2023

Fire and Materials

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As the golden period for evacuation and rescue in road tunnel fires, the fire growth stage is indispensable for security. The key parameters of this stage must be clearly defined, including the maximum heat release rate (HRR), growth time, and growth coefficient. Based on the squared model, the correlations between the key parameters are investigated according to the existing fire tests of vehicle‐related materials and actual vehicles or mock‐ups. The maximum HRR and the growth coefficient of different types of vehicles are obtained. The results show that the maximum HRR is linearly related to the growth coefficient in the fire tests of vehicle‐related materials. And it is logarithmically related in the fire tests of actual vehicles or mock‐ups. The growth coefficient and growth time represent the possibility of a disaster. The larger the growth coefficient is or the shorter the growth time is, the greater the possibility is. The maximum HRR in a fire is 2 ~ 10 MW for a car, 10 ~ 50 MW for a bus, and 50 ~ 200 MW for a heavy goods vehicle. The growth coefficient in a fire is 0.003 ~ 0.013 kW/s2 for a car, 0.05 ~ 0.15 kW/s2 for a bus, and 0.2 ~ 0.3 kW/s2 for a heavy goods vehicle. The corresponding fire growth types are slow and medium, fast, fast, and ultra‐fast, respectively. This study is beneficial for the establishment of the fire growth model and the setting of emergency response time.

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“…Yokoi 2 experimentally investigated the temperature and velocity distribution of the fire plume ejected from model compartment with different open geometries and suggested a prediction model to calculate the dimensionless temperature along the centerline of the façade wall. Li et al, 3 investigated the behavior of the pool fire in a compartment with two opening at different altitude under the coupled effect of external wind and thermal buoyancy. A critical wind velocity was also proposed to explain the correlations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum temperature rise of fire plume ejected out of the compartment window with a horizontal eave

Gao

et al. 2020

Fire and Materials

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Summary This study focuses on the maximum temperature rise of fire plume ejected out of the compartment window with a horizontal eave. Based on the symmetry of ejected plume and pictures recorded by the cameras in the study, the shape of ejected thermal plume out of the window under the eave is suggest as an isosceles trapezoid, and the ejected thermal plume rising at the edge of the eave is assumed to be a rectangular fire source. The dimensions of the rectangular fire source are theoretically deduced for compartment fire process of different window geometry, width of eave, and heat release rate, according to the conservation of plume mass. The previous predictive model for plume temperature proposed by Quintiere is popularized to the ejected flame above an eave by including the dimensions of the rectangular fire source as well as the width of eave. The results would provide theoretical guidance to the application of fireproof eave in high‐rise building for fire protection designs.

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Experimental study of fire growth and ejected plume in a cross‐ventilation compartment under wind condition

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

An experimental study of the influence of environmental wind on the smoke flow behaviour and temperature distribution in room-corridor fire

An experimental study of the influence of environmental wind on the smoke flow behaviour and temperature distribution in room-corridor fire

Study on the key parameters of vehicle fires for the growth stage in road tunnels

Maximum temperature rise of fire plume ejected out of the compartment window with a horizontal eave

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