Experimental Study of Fire Behavior in Annually Burned Humid Savanna of West Africa in the Context of Bush Encroachment

N’Dri, Aya Brigitte; Kpré, Aka Jean-Noel; Kpangba, Koffi Prosper; Soro, Tionhonkélé Drissa; Kouassi, Koffi Vincent; Koffi, Kouamé Fulgence; Kouamé, Yao Anicet Gervais; Koffi, Ahou Blandine; Konan, L.N.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-74693-3_27

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This is confirmed by Raventos and Silva [49], who showed that competition with neighbours decreases the tillering capacity of perennial grasses. Thus, the synergy between the small size of L. simplex tussocks and the fairly high intensity of the middle fire could increase the death of L. simplex individuals [27]. The other species were not significantly declining under the middle fire, confirming their adaptation to this fire regime that has always been applied since at least 50 years in the area.…”

Section: General Effect Of the Fire Treatments On The Demography Of T...mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…These results confirm the studies by Koffi et al [24], who suggested that the late fire had high negative impacts on the demography of the dominant grasses. These negative effects can be explained by the fact that the late fire, with its high intensity [27], increases mortality, fragmentation and retrogression [24]. In turn, fragmentation and retrogression decrease the size of individuals, which likely make them more vulnerable to fire [24].…”

Section: General Effect Of the Fire Treatments On The Demography Of T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, despite their adaptation to fire, fire regularly kills them, especially if it occurs at the beginning of their development cycle at the beginning of the wet season [24,25]. Moreover, fires occurring at the beginning of the wet season burn a very dry biomass and are more intense [26,27]. Thus, fighting tree encroachment may involve fire management, which implies choosing the best fire period to maintain the abundances and diversity of grasses and the desired tree density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Demographic Response of Grass Species to Fire Treatments in a Guinean Savanna

Koffi

N’Dri

Srikanthasamy

et al. 2022

Fire

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Fighting tree encroachment using fire promotes C4 perennial grasses but likely affects their demography according to the fire date during the dry season. We analyzed the impact of four fire treatments (early, middle, late and no fire) on the demography of the four dominant perennial grasses (Andropogon canaliculatus, Andropogon schirensis, Hyparrhenia diplandra and Loudetia simplex) in a Guinean savanna of West Africa (Lamto, Côte d’Ivoire). We carried out a yearly demographic monitoring of each grass individual during five years (2015–2019) on three plots by treatment and parametrized a size-classified matrix model with five circumference classes. The results showed that A. schirensis, H. diplandra and L. simplex declined (λ < 1.0) under late fire and will disappear after 10 years, as did L. simplex under the middle fire. Stasis influenced the most λ values and stable class distribution was nearly achieved in all species under all treatments. The size of L. simplex should increase under early and late fires. Our results suggest that late fire is the most detrimental fire regime for grasses in this Guinean area, contrary to early and middle fires, which could be recommended to savanna managers.

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Section: General Effect Of the Fire Treatments On The Demography Of T...mentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: General Effect Of the Fire Treatments On The Demography Of T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Demographic Response of Grass Species to Fire Treatments in a Guinean Savanna

Koffi

N’Dri

Srikanthasamy

et al. 2022

Fire

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“…Fire severity on woody vegetation closely varies with many factors such as fire season, fuel load, fuel moisture content, wind speed, fire intensity, fire residence time, fire spread rate etc. [38,44,45]. Based on N'Dri et al studies [38,44,45] run on three different sites of LSR during four fire cycles, the average spread rate and average intensity of mid-dry season fire were 0.14 ± 0.03 ms -1 and 3920 ± 740 kWm -1 , respectively.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[38,44,45]. Based on N'Dri et al studies [38,44,45] run on three different sites of LSR during four fire cycles, the average spread rate and average intensity of mid-dry season fire were 0.14 ± 0.03 ms -1 and 3920 ± 740 kWm -1 , respectively. The maximum fire temperature was about 10 times higher than the commonly accepted lethal temperature for plant cells, which is 60°C [46].…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantitative Index Based on Leaf Heteroblasty for Predicting Root Biomass in a Frequently Burned Savanna Species: Cussonia arborea Hochst. Ex A. Rich. (Araliaceae)

Kouamé

Millan

N’Dri

et al. 2021

IJPSS

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Background: Biotic and abiotic disturbances such as frequent wildfires and herbivory contribute to maintain trees and grasses coexistence in savanna ecosystems. In comparison to stems and leaves, exposed to fire and herbivory, the roots, protected by being belowground, are less affected by these disturbances. Therefore, indirect estimation of belowground biomass (BGB) of savanna trees from simple allometric relations based on stem measurements can lead to major biases. Aims: In this study we explored how the Leaf ontogenetic change index (LOCI), a quantitative index based on leaf heteroblastic development, can provide an accurate estimate of BGB in Cussonia arborea, a widespread species in West African humid savannas. Methodology: We examined leaf morphometrics on post-fire resprouts of 40 individuals to assess whether LOCI can inform on plant age. We then analyzed by log-level regressions the variation of LOCI in relation to plant stem volume. Subsequently, we studied the variation of BGB according to stem volume, and as a function of both stem volume and LOCI, which allowed us to evaluate the contribution of LOCI to BGB estimation. BGB was obtained destructively by digging up roots and weighing total dry mass of 25 individuals including small and large trees. Statistical analyses were done with the R software. Place and Duration of Study: Study was performed in the Lamto Scientific Reserve, Côte d’Ivoire, between May 2020 and June 2021. Results: Using the stem volume as single explanatory variable of BGB, the regression model provided an adjusted R2 of 0.71. Association of the stem volume with LOCI increased the adjusted R2 from 0.71 to 0.90. Conclusion: Combining LOCI with a measure of stem size provides better estimate of BGB in C. arborea compared to estimate based on stem size only. Since a large proportion of woody species in frequently disturbed environments exhibit an overall strategies promoting persistence, future works should evaluate how these strategies are modulated during ontogeny and can explain biomass variation over time.

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Experimental Study of Fire Behavior in Annually Burned Humid Savanna of West Africa in the Context of Bush Encroachment

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

The Demographic Response of Grass Species to Fire Treatments in a Guinean Savanna

The Demographic Response of Grass Species to Fire Treatments in a Guinean Savanna

A Quantitative Index Based on Leaf Heteroblasty for Predicting Root Biomass in a Frequently Burned Savanna Species: Cussonia arborea Hochst. Ex A. Rich. (Araliaceae)

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