“…The most problematic cases with these algorithms are algorithm size, processor speed and memory access [1,10]. Image compression techniques for WMSNs are schematically shown in Figure 1.…”
Section: Image Compression Techniques In Wmsnsmentioning
Subject reviewWireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) provide realization of applications which are usable everywhere and address many fields like mobile health care, environmental surveillance and traffic monitoring. Large amount of data causes to traffic in memory resources, difficulties in operation, and excessive power consumption -which is the most important one -for every node while WMSNs transfer multimedia data during those applications. Those kinds of problems are vital for WMSNs which already have limited resources. Image compression can be one of the effective solutions to overcome those problems. Thus, network lifetime of WMSNs can be increased significantly and the bandwidth can be used in a more effective way. The main purpose of this study is to investigate image compression algorithms used for WMSNs in the literature and to show which algorithm is advantageous in which case by making comparisons among them.
Keywords: energy efficiency; image compression; wireless multimedia sensor networkAnaliza načina sažimanja slike u bežičnoj višemedijskoj senzorskoj mreži
Pregledni članakBežične višemedijske senzorske mreže -Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) omogućuju realizaciju aplikacija koje se svugdje mogu primijeniti, a odnose se na mnoga područja kao što je briga o zdravlju, praćenje stanja okoliša i upravljanje prometom. Izmjena velikih količina podataka stvara poteškoće u funkcioniranju memorije te prekomjernu potrošnju energije u svakom čvoru -a to je najvažnije -dok WMSNs prenose multimedijske podatke tijekom tih aplikacija. Ta je vrsta problema od bitne važnosti za WMSNs koji već imaju ograničene resurse. Sažimanje slike može biti jedno od učinkovitih rješenja za svladavanje tih problema. Trajnost WMSNs na mreži može se tako značajno povećati, a širina područja se može učinkovitije iskoristiti. Glavna svrha ovoga rada je istražiti algoritme sažimanja slike koji se u literaturi primjenjuju za WMSNs te uspoređujući ih pokazati koji algoritam ima prednost u pojedinom slučaju.
“…The most problematic cases with these algorithms are algorithm size, processor speed and memory access [1,10]. Image compression techniques for WMSNs are schematically shown in Figure 1.…”
Section: Image Compression Techniques In Wmsnsmentioning
Subject reviewWireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) provide realization of applications which are usable everywhere and address many fields like mobile health care, environmental surveillance and traffic monitoring. Large amount of data causes to traffic in memory resources, difficulties in operation, and excessive power consumption -which is the most important one -for every node while WMSNs transfer multimedia data during those applications. Those kinds of problems are vital for WMSNs which already have limited resources. Image compression can be one of the effective solutions to overcome those problems. Thus, network lifetime of WMSNs can be increased significantly and the bandwidth can be used in a more effective way. The main purpose of this study is to investigate image compression algorithms used for WMSNs in the literature and to show which algorithm is advantageous in which case by making comparisons among them.
Keywords: energy efficiency; image compression; wireless multimedia sensor networkAnaliza načina sažimanja slike u bežičnoj višemedijskoj senzorskoj mreži
Pregledni članakBežične višemedijske senzorske mreže -Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) omogućuju realizaciju aplikacija koje se svugdje mogu primijeniti, a odnose se na mnoga područja kao što je briga o zdravlju, praćenje stanja okoliša i upravljanje prometom. Izmjena velikih količina podataka stvara poteškoće u funkcioniranju memorije te prekomjernu potrošnju energije u svakom čvoru -a to je najvažnije -dok WMSNs prenose multimedijske podatke tijekom tih aplikacija. Ta je vrsta problema od bitne važnosti za WMSNs koji već imaju ograničene resurse. Sažimanje slike može biti jedno od učinkovitih rješenja za svladavanje tih problema. Trajnost WMSNs na mreži može se tako značajno povećati, a širina područja se može učinkovitije iskoristiti. Glavna svrha ovoga rada je istražiti algoritme sažimanja slike koji se u literaturi primjenjuju za WMSNs te uspoređujući ih pokazati koji algoritam ima prednost u pojedinom slučaju.
“…Here, the overall computation time is reduced by distributing the processing tasks among the clusters. After that, Ghorbel et al [9] have described the importance of discrete cosine and discrete wavelet transform in image compression. Further, they gave the clear view about the performance comparison of these two transforms with various existing image compression algorithms in different WSN transmission scenario.…”
For the past two decades, wavelet based image compression algorithms for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has gained broad attention than that of the spatial based image compression algorithms. In that, Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transforms (DTCWT) has provided better results in terms of image quality and high compression rate. However, the selection of DTCWT based image compressions for various WSN based applications is not practically suitable, due to the major limitations of WSN such as, low bandwidth, low energy consumption and storage space. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this paper to develop image compression through simulation by considering the modified block based pass parallel Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) with Double Density Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DDDTCWT) for compressing the WSN based images. In addition, bivariate shrink method is also adopted with the DDDTCWT to obtain better image quality within less computation time. It is observed through simulation results that above mentioned proposed technique provides better performance than that of existing compression technique
“…Bu nedenle, KMAA'ların ömrünü maksimize etmek için alınan verinin işlenmesi ve/veya ağın topolojisinin optimize edilmesi gibi çözümlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır [4,5]. Verinin işlenmesi çözümünün uygulanabilmesi durumunda algılayıcılar düşük donanımlara sahip olduklarından tercih edilen veri işleme algoritması; verimli görüntü işleme yeteneğine, düşük bellek gereksinimine, düşük karmaşıklığa ve düşük hesaplama yüküne sahip olması gerekmektedir [4,6]. Ağın topolojisinin optimize edilmesi durumunda ise kullanılan ağ modeli önemlidir.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Bu tekniklerin kodlama ve kod çözme sürelerinin az olması, sıkıştırma oranının yüksek olması ve güç kısıtlı uygulamalarda kullanılabilirliği gibi önemli avantajlara sahip olmaları gerekmektedir [10]. Algılayıcıların kısıtlı donanıma sahip olmaları nedeniyle çok işlem adımı içeren ve algoritma karmaşıklığı yüksek olan JPEG ve JPEG2000 gibi geleneksel görüntü sıkıştırma algoritmaları KMAA'lar için verimli değildir [4,6].…”
Özetçe-Kablosuz Multimedya Algılayıcı Ağ'lar (KMAA), ses, resim ve video gibi büyük boyutlu verilerin iletilmesinde kullanılmaktadır. KMAA'larda ortamdan alınan multimedya veri işlenerek bir sonraki algılayıcıya veya baz istasyonuna iletilir. Özel uygulamalar dışında, KMAA'larda veri üzerinde sadece sıkıştırma işlemi yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, KMAA'larda da sıklıkla kullanılan görüntü sıkıştırma algoritmaları Ayrık Kosinüs Dönüşümü (Discrete Cosine Transform -DCT), Hiyerarşik Ağaçlarda Küme Bölümleme (Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees -SPIHT) ve Düşük Enerji Görüntü Sıkıştırma Algoritması (Low Energy Image Compression Algorithm -LEICA)'nın görüntüyü sıkıştırma ve sıkıştırılan görüntüyü tekrar açma süreleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Algoritmalar öncelikle C programlama dilinde kodlanmış ve bu kodlar algılayıcıların donanım gereksinimlerine sahip olan Windows işletim sistemli sanal bilgisayar üzerinde çalıştırılarak elde edilen veriler sıkıştırma ve tekrar açma süreleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler -KMAA; DCT; SPIHT; LEICA.
Abstract-Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSN) are used to transfer large amount of data like audio, image, and video. The multimedia data which is gathered from the environment is processed and then transferred to another sensor or a sink in WMSN. Except for the special applications, in WMSN, there is only compression operation on the data. In this study, image compression and decompression times of three image compression algorithms:Discrete Cosine Transform -DCT, Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees -SPIHT, Low Energy Image Compression Algorithm -LEICA, which are also frequently used for WMSN are compared. The algorithms are first encoded by C programming language and run on a virtual machine with Windows OS, which owns hardware requirements of the sensors. Then, the obtained data is evaluated in terms of compression and decompression times.
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