Experimental Study of Biomass Pyrolysis Based on Three Major Components: Hemicellulose, Cellulose, and Lignin

Qu, Tingting; Guo, Wanjun; Shen, Laihong; Xiao, Jun; Zhao, Kun

doi:10.1021/ie1025453

Cited by 280 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), thermogravimetry (TGA) coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and pyrolysis-GC-FTIR techniques at temperatures up to 900 °C have been used to characterise the pyrolytic mechanisms of cellulose, xylan, and lignin (Biagini et al 2006;Yang et al 2007;Shen and Gu 2009;Wu et al 2009;Shen et al 2010a,b;Qu et al 2011). Moreover, kinetic models to predict the pyrolysis behaviour of biomass have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGA-FTIR Analysis of Torrefaction of Lignocellulosic Components (cellulose, xylan, lignin) in Isothermal Conditions over a Wide Range of Time Durations

Lv¹,

Perré²,

Perré³

2015

BioResources

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This study investigated chemical decomposition of lignocellulosic components in the course of torrefaction under isothermal conditions for durations up to 5 hours. The goal was a better understanding of the behaviour of biomass, at both short and long residence times, which is important for innovation in the chemical and bioenergy industries. Gaseous and solid-phase decomposition products of cellulose, xylan, and two lignins, were studied following torrefaction at three temperatures (220, 250, and 280 °C) for a continuous recording of mass loss and emission of volatiles over 5 hours. Two decomposition stages were revealed for xylan, with a notable release of CO that increased with treatment temperature. 4-O-methyl glucurono-units on the side chains of xylan degraded first, and acetyl groups and macromolecule fragments accounted for the second degradation, starting at 250 °C. The primary production of acetic acid occurred at 280 °C. For the two lignins, decomposition reactions predominated at lower temperatures, while rearrangement prevailed at 280 °C. The emission of phenol was a clear distinction between the two. Cellulose was thermally stable at short times under all treatments, but it decomposed dramatically afterwards, especially at 280 °C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGA-FTIR Analysis of Torrefaction of Lignocellulosic Components (cellulose, xylan, lignin) in Isothermal Conditions over a Wide Range of Time Durations

Lv¹,

Perré²,

Perré³

2015

BioResources

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“…Among these constituents, cellulose, xylan, and lignin account for 25 to 50 wt%, 20 to 40 wt%, and 5 to 30 wt% of the dry weight of lignocellulose, respectively (Ragauskas et al 2006;Wang et al 2011). The lignin component has a unique chemical structure formed by pcoumaryl-, coniferyl-, and sinapyl alcohols (C9 unit) connected by ether bonds and C=C bonds (Qu et al 2011;Lv et al 2013;Shen et al 2015a). Therefore, it is generally believed that lignin is the principal source of phenols (Qu et al 2011;Xin et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lignin component has a unique chemical structure formed by pcoumaryl-, coniferyl-, and sinapyl alcohols (C9 unit) connected by ether bonds and C=C bonds (Qu et al 2011;Lv et al 2013;Shen et al 2015a). Therefore, it is generally believed that lignin is the principal source of phenols (Qu et al 2011;Xin et al 2013). A number of studies have proposed that there is no obvious interaction when the three components undergo co-pyrolysis (Alén et al 1996;Kjeldsen et al 1996;Biagini et al 2006;Qu et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is generally believed that lignin is the principal source of phenols (Qu et al 2011;Xin et al 2013). A number of studies have proposed that there is no obvious interaction when the three components undergo co-pyrolysis (Alén et al 1996;Kjeldsen et al 1996;Biagini et al 2006;Qu et al 2011). Alén et al (1996) investigated the thermochemical behavior of pine wood and its main structural constituents (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin) using py-GC/MS and indicated that the composition of the volatile phase from wood pyrolysis behaved as the sum of its constituents in the temperature range of 400 to 1000 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellulose-lignin and Xylan-lignin Interactions on the Formation of Lignin-derived Phenols in Pyrolysis Oil

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

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To gain a better understanding of the effect of the interactions between two biomass components (cellulose-lignin and xylan-lignin) on ligninderived phenolic products, two analysis methods are introduced. With 3:1, 2:1, and 1:1 ratios of cellulose and lignin, and xylan and lignin, the mixtures were subjected to fast pyrolysis, which was carried out in a fixed-bed tubular furnace at 450 to 600 °C. The phenolic content in the bio-oils was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The product distributions showed that cellulose, xylan, and lignin were the main contributors to the mass of biomass bio-oil, gas, and char, respectively. The char yields decreased and the bio-oil and gas yields increased in the presences of cellulose and xylan. Comparative analyses of both the phenol content and peak area of the two methods suggest that in the case of cellulose and lignin co-pyrolysis, the formation of three kinds of phenolic products is promoted. The strength of this positive effect increased with increasing lignin content. However, the production of hydroxyphenols is promoted, while the productions of guaiacols and syringols are inhibited by the effect of xylan, which creates a different interaction between xylan and lignin.

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“…[21][22] Each component of biomass has different molecular structure and nature so that the pyrolysis processes have different characteristics and generate different kinds of gas products, [23][24][25][26][27] which results in varied reduction behaviours of pyrolusite. Suggested is the superposition of the reduction behaviour of three major components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overall Reduction Kinetics of Low-grade Pyrolusite Using a Mixture of Hemicellulose and Lignin as Reductant

Long

et al. 2015

Kem. Ind.

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Manganese is widely used in many fields. Many efforts have been made to recover manganese from low-grade pyrolusite due to the depletion of high-grade manganese ore. Thus, it is of practical significance to develop a clean, energy-saving and environmentally friendly technical route to reduce the low-grade pyrolusite. The reported results show that biomass wastes from crops, crop waste, wood and wood waste are environmentally friendly, energy-saving, and low-cost reducing agents for roasting reduction of low-grade pyrolusite. Kinetics of the reduction reactions is necessary for an efficient design of biomass reduction of pyrolusite. Therefore, it is important to look for a general kinetics equation to describe the reduction of pyrolusite by different kinds of biomass, because there is a wide variety of biomass wastes, meaning that it is impossible to investigate the kinetics for each biomass waste. In this paper, thermal gravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis were applied to study the overall reduction kinetics of pyrolusite using a mixture of hemicellulose and lignin, two major components of biomass. Overall reduction process is the overlap of the respective reduction processes. A new empirical equation based on the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation can be used to describe the respective reduction kinetics using hemicellulose and lignin as reductants, and the corresponding apparent activation energy is 30.14 kJ mol −1 and 38.91 kJ mol −1 , respectively. The overall kinetic model for the reduction of pyrolusite by the mixture of hemicellulose and lignin can be simulated by the summation of the respective kinetics by considering their mass-loss fractions, while a unit step function was used to avoid the invalid conversion data. The obtained results in this work are necessary to understand the biomass reduction of pyrolusite and provide valuable assistance in the development of a general kinetics equation.

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Experimental Study of Biomass Pyrolysis Based on Three Major Components: Hemicellulose, Cellulose, and Lignin

Cited by 280 publications

References 26 publications

TGA-FTIR Analysis of Torrefaction of Lignocellulosic Components (cellulose, xylan, lignin) in Isothermal Conditions over a Wide Range of Time Durations

TGA-FTIR Analysis of Torrefaction of Lignocellulosic Components (cellulose, xylan, lignin) in Isothermal Conditions over a Wide Range of Time Durations

Cellulose-lignin and Xylan-lignin Interactions on the Formation of Lignin-derived Phenols in Pyrolysis Oil

Overall Reduction Kinetics of Low-grade Pyrolusite Using a Mixture of Hemicellulose and Lignin as Reductant

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